中考英语定语从句讲解-中考英语真题：定语从句
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选择题【含答案】
2013河南】32. A friend is someone______ says, "What! You too? I thought I was the only one!”
A. who B. Which C. What D. whose
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句的用法。先行词是someone，表人，排除B，what不能引导定语从句，排除C；先行词和空格后的单词无所有关系，排除D。故选A。
【2013广西玉林】33.一Linda, cm you tell me something about Mo Yan?
—Sure. He is the writer ______won the Nobel(诺贝尔) Literature Prize.
A. whichB. whoseC. whoD. whom
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句的引导词的用法。which先行词为物时；whose先行词为人或物，作定语，后得接个名词；who先行词为人，作主、宾、表语；whom先行词为人，只作宾语。根据先行词the writer作者，作主语。所以选择答案C。
【2013 甘肃白银】43. A Wechat (微信) is an invention ______ can help people talk to friends, share photos, ideas and feeling freely.
A. which B. who C. whose D /
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句。 which can help people talk to friends, share photos, ideas and feeling freely是定语从句，修饰先行词invention，而先行词是物，关系代词用which或that。故选A。
【2013安徽】49. I still remember the college and the teachers_____________I visited in London years ago.
A. what B. who C. that D. which
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句的连接词的用法。who“谁”，what“什么”，that“那个”，which“那个”。这里是引导定语从句，用来修饰the college and the teachers，既包括人又包括物，所以关系词只能用用that，而不能用which，所以选择答案C。
【2013山东德州】30. Yesterday Li Ming went to the village_________ his family lived ten years ago.
A. when B. which C. where D. that
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句引导词。定语从句的先行词the village, 在定语从句中充当的是地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导, 故选C。
【2013广东梅州】44. I like the cartoon ______ has a happy ending and makes me ______.
A. which; to laugh B. that; to laugh
C. whose; laughing D. which; laugh
【答案】D
【解析】考查定语从句的引导词及非谓语动词。句意：我喜欢完满结局的动画片，它让我发笑。先行词the cartoon是物，故定语从句的用关系代词用that/which；再由make sb. do sth.为固定结构，答案为D。
【2013四川宜宾】26.—What kind of music do you like?
—I like music ______ I can dance to.
A. because B. when C. who D. that
【答案】D
【解析】考查定语从句的用法。句意：——你喜欢哪种音乐？——我喜欢能随之跳舞的音乐。关系代词that在定语从句中作介词to的宾语，故选D。
【2013广东湛江】25. —Look! That is the woman I met yesterday.
—Oh? She’s my aunt.
A. what B. who C. where D. when
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句。由先行词是人，且在定语从句中作met的宾语可知用关系代词who。所以选择答案B。
【2013山东滨州】30. Most students like the teachers understand them well.
A. which B. who C. where D. when
【答案】B
【解析】考查关系代词。由先行词是the teachers，且在定语从句中作主语，因此用关系代词who。所以选择答案B。
【2013山东枣庄】25. Most of my classmates prefer loud music _______they can dance to.
A. that B. who C. whose D. where
【答案】A
【解析】 考查定语从句的关系词的选用，此题中的先行词是music。当先行词是事物时关系词用that或 which . 所以应选A
【2013浙江杭州】25. Being blind is something _________ most people can’t imagine.
A. whoB. whatC. thatD. whom
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查定语从句。先行词是something，关系代词用that。故选C。
【2013 浙江衢州】27. —Excuse me, Could you tell ?
—Yes. Go along this street and you will find it on your left.
A. where is the museum B. which is the way to the museum
C. how far is the museum D. how can I get to the museum
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查宾语从句的用法，宾语从句要用陈述语序，which在从句中做主语。所以选B。
【2013四川内江】25. People are talking about the old houses ____ Jackie Chan bought in Anhui twenty years ago.
A. which B. where C. who D. when
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句中的连接词的用法。这里定语从句要修饰the old houses，是事物，且在从句中做bought的宾语，所以要用连接代词that或which，所以选择答案A。
【2013福建福州】42. — Do you know Mo Yan?
— Of course. He is the famous writer _________ won the Nobel Prize in 2012.
A. who B. whom C. Which
【答案】A
【解析】选A。考查定语从句的关联词。当先行词指人时，常用who或whom，指物时，常用which；又该句的先行词writer指人，故选A项。
【2013湖北咸宁】31. A graduation ceremony is a custom takes place students graduate from a school.
A. which; when B. that; who C. which; whose D. that; which
【答案】A
【解析】考查复合句的连接词。第一个从句是定语从句，先行词表示物，引导词在定语从句中作主语，应当用that或which引导；第二个从句我的梦想当一名医生是时间状语从句，用when引导。句意：毕业典礼是学生们从学校毕业时举行仪式。
【2013湖北随州】24. —Do you kno
w the man ______ is standing at the door?
—Yes, I do. He's a friend of_____.
A. when; I B. who; mine
C. that; me D. which; my
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句引导词以及名词性物主代词的用法。定语从句的先行词the man是“人，在定语从句中充当的是主语，因此用关系代词who或that引导来引导，我的一个朋友，a friend of mine.故选B.
【2013湖北荆州】29. She is the girl invention got the first prize in the school competition .
A．who B．that C．which D. whose
【答案】D
【解析】考查定语从句的连接词。因为先行词是the girl，表示人，而且连接词后紧跟名词invention作定语使用，所以选择D答案
【2013黑龙江齐齐哈尔】16. I’ll remember the old buildings I visited in the village.
A. where B. which C. who
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句中的连接词的用法。这里定语从句要修饰the old buildings，是事物，且在从句中做visited的宾语，所以要用连接代词that或which，所以选择答案C。
【2013广东】45. The young lady ______ is interviewing Lin Zhixuan about变色龙读后感 the program I am a singer is from 21st Century Talent Net.
A. who B. whomC. which D. whose
【答案】 A
【解析】考查定语从句的用法。先行词the young lady指人，故排除C,D ，先行词作主语故用who连接。所以选择答案 。
【2013天津】39. The movie ______ we saw last night was fantastic.
A. that B. what C. whose D. Who
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句中的关系代词。句意：我们昨晚看的电影非常的好。因先行词the movie指物，故用关系代词that引导定语从句。
【2013哈尔滨】30. —Do you know of Guo Mingyi?
—Yes. He is an ordinary(普通的)worker ______ helps many poor children in China. We should follow his example.
A. that B. which C. whom
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查定语从句的关系词。由空格前的worker可知此处应用that 或who引导定语从句。
【2013 湖南衡阳】29. I love the school I have studied in for three years
A. where B. when C. that
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查定语从句的用法。先行词是the school表示物，故用关系词that修饰。选C。
【2013湖北十堰】31. The Palace 多彩的校园生活Museum is the best place _________ I’ve ever visited.
A. thatB. whichC. where`D. what
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句中关系词的选择。先行词place在定语从句中做宾语，所以选关系代词，又因为先行词被最高级the best修饰，只能用关系代词that。故选A。
【2013湖北孝感】35. Teenagers like reading the books _____ are written by Guo Jingjing.
A. who B. what C. whose D. that
【答案】 D
【解析】考查定语从句的引导词。这是一个定语从句，其先行词是the books，所以用that/which,故选D。
【2013山西】23. It’s bad for health to hurry to move into a house ________ has new furniture in it.
A. who B. where C. that
【答案】C
【解析】考查考查定语从句。匆记忙搬进有新家具的房子对健康有害。先行词house是物，并且引导词要在定语从句作主语，故选C。
【2013山东潍坊】22. The man_________is talking to our teacher is Betty’s father.
A. which B. whom C. who D. what
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句的用法。句意为“正在和我们老师谈话的那个人是贝蒂的爸爸”。先行词是人，故排除A和D项，关系词在定语从句中做主语，所以用who, 选择答案C。
【2013内蒙古呼和浩特】9. The house________ Lu Xun used to live is now a museum.
A. which B. that C. in which D. there
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句的引导词。句意为“鲁迅过去住的房子现在成了博物馆。”。由于引导词在从句中作状语，故代词which和that不合适，而there不能引导定语从句，故用in which。所以选择答案C。
【2013辽宁鞍山】 27.I can't find the book __________my mother bought me.
A. who B. when C. which
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句. 由先行词the book为物，可知应选关系词which。
【2013湖南株洲】27. The Gay Genius is the book I like to read every day.
A. that B. who C. what
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句引导词的用法。由句意“Gay Genius这本书是我每天喜欢读的一本书”可知后句为定语从句。that 用来指人或物，who 用来指人。先行词为物，在句中作主语，且不可省略，用that。故选A。
【2013湖南长沙】30. —What are you looking for?
—I’m looking for the watch ____ I bought yesterday.
A. whichB. whoC. whose
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句。先行词watch表示“物”，可以排除B；引导词在定语从句中作主语，可以排除C。
【2013福建泉州】35. —Why is Tom so sad?
—He has lost his new bike _______cost him 1800 yuan.
A. who B. which C. whose
【答案】 B我学会了骑自行车作文
【解析】考查定语从句。由于先行词为物，且在句中作主语，所以用which引导该定语从句。
【2013山东泰安】34. Liu Yang is the first Chinese woman astronaut_______ has ever traveled in space.
A. whom B. which C. who D. whose
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。先行词woman astronaut“女飞行员”，指人，故答案选C项，在从句中作主语。
【2013四川遂宁】28. Most of my friends like loud music they can dance to.
A. that B. what C. when
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句。句意为：我的大多数的朋友都喜欢可以跟着跳舞的大声音乐。They can dance to是定语从句，修饰先行词loud music,其中that是关系代词，在从句中作宾语。
【2013湖北黄石】 ( A ) 34. This is the school _______ we visited last year.
A. that B. where C. who D. whose
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词的用法。当先行词是物时用which，当先行词是人时用who，that既可以指人又可以指物。此句中先行词是the school，指物用that。句意：这就是去年我们参观的那所学校。故选A。
【2013甘肃兰州】38. Lily doesn’t know ________ she and her friends can do to help the little boy ________ parents have left their hometown for making money.
A. that; whoseB. how; whoC. what; whoD. what; whose
【答案】D
【解析】考查复合句中的连词。句意：Lily不知道她喝她的朋友能做什么才能帮助这个父母离开家乡去赚钱的小男孩。由know可知本句是宾语从句，动词do后缺少宾语，故第一个空是由what引导的宾语从句；在宾语从句中又包含了定语从句，其先行词为the little boy，且在从句中修饰parents ,故由whose引导定语从句。选D。
翻译
1．正在跑步的男孩是我的好朋友。
2．他是我们正在寻找的男孩。
3．昨天给我们上课的妇女是他的姑姑。
4．她是我们昨天帮助的女孩。
5．正在打扫校车的女孩是我们的班长。
6．他是我所见到最高的学生。
7．这是我去年买的手表。
8．他是刚才唱歌的男孩。
9．正在游泳的女孩是我们的同学。
10．他是在医院里帮助过我的医生。
易错点
易错点一：关系代词和关系副词的混用。
例1. I’ll never forget the days when I spent in New York with you.
例2. I’ll never forget the days which I visited New York with you.
析：
例1中的when应改为which或that；
例2中的which应改为when。
区分关系代词和关系副词的关键是看它们在定语从句中所充当的成分。如果定语从句中缺少主语、宾语，就应考虑使用关系代词，如例1；若定语从句中缺少状语，就应考虑使用关系副词，如例2。
易错点二：固定句式出差错。
例3. Mary is so lovely a girl as everybody loves her.
例4. Mary is so lovely a girl that everybody loves.
析：
例3中的as应改为that；
例4中的that应改为as。
so…as或so…that为固定句式，前者为as引导的定语从句，as在定语从句中作宾语或主语，如例4；后者为that引导的结果状语从句，该从句的成分是完整的，不缺少主语或宾语，如例3。类似的固定句式还有the same…as (that)，such…as，as…as等。
易错点三：主谓不一致。
例5. Tom is one of the students who likes swimming.
例6. Tom is the only one of the students who like swimming.
析：
例5中的likes应改为like；
例6中的like应改为likes。
在“one of+复数名词+定语从句”结构中，定语从句的先行词是复数名词，故谓语动词要用复数形式，如例5；在“the (only) one of+复数名词+定语从句”结构中，先行词是one，而不是复数名词，故谓语动词要用单数形式，如例6。
易错点四：与强调句型及其他句型的混合。
例7. Was it in the shop that you bought the recorder that you lost your pen?
例8. You’d better make a mark at where you have any questions.
析：
例7中第一个that应改为where；
例8中应去掉at。
例7为带有定语从句的强调句，you bought the recorder为定语从句，其引导词应用where，后面第二个that才是强调句中的that，此句可还原为：You lost your pen in the shop where you bought the recorder.例8为where 引导的地点状语从句。
易错点五：对先行词概念不明确。
例9. It this library that you visited yesterday?
例10. Is this the library where you visited yesterday?
析：
例9中应在library后加the one；
例10中的where应去掉或改为that或which。
在例9中，this library是主语，is是谓语，that引导的是定语从句，但没有先行词，故应补加先行词；在例10中，the library是先行词，定语从句缺少宾语，故应用that或which来引导，当然也可以省略。
易错点六：特殊名词作先行词时关系词
的选取错误。
例11. I don’t like the way which you speak to her.
例12. I don’t care for pay. I just want to get a job that I can be greatly valued.
析：
例11中应在which前加in或将which改为that或去掉；
例12中的that应改为where或in which。
在定语从句中，有些特殊名词作先行词时其关系词的选取有一定的特殊性，如way作先行词时，其引导词可用that或in which或省略，如例11；与way相似的还有job，situation，point，case等作先行词时，关系词常用where或in which，如例12。
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