高中英语名词性从句 好词
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篇一:《高中英语名词性从句知识点及练习》
英语名词性从句知识点复习
一、概述
在复合句中具有名词的性质的作主语、表语、同位语、宾语的从句叫名词性从句。因此，我们把主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句和宾语从句这四种从句统称为名词性从句。
It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
事实上英语作为国际语言正为世人所接受。(主语从句)
The trouble is that she has lost his address. 麻烦的是她把他的地址搞丢了。（表语从句） They have no idea at all where he has gone. 他们不知道他去什么地方了。（同位语从句） Do you remember how he came? 你记得他怎么来的么？（宾语从句）
二、语序
名词性从句要采用陈述句语序。由一个含疑问意义的连词引起时，必须将该连词放在名词性从句的开头，且该从句语序不能倒装。
What we can't get seems better than what we have. 我们得不到的似乎比我们所拥有的要好。 The photographs will show you what our village looks like. 这些照片将向你展示我们村庄的面貌。 Can you make sure where Alice has put the gold ring? 你能肯定爱丽丝放金戒指的地方吗？ No one can be sure what man will look like in a million years.
没有人肯定一百万年后人类会是什么样子。
He asked how much I paid for the violin. 他问我花了多少钱买这个小提琴。
三、 时态的呼应
名词性从句特别是宾语从句中谓语动词的时态要与主句中谓语动词时态要相呼应，主要有下列几种情况：
（1）如果主句中的谓语动词是一般现在时态，从句的谓语动词的时态不受主句谓语动词时态的制约。 I wonder why Jenny hasn’t written us recently. We should have heard from her by now. 我不知道为什么珍妮最近没有给我们写信。我们现在应当收到他的来信了。
You haven’t said a word about my new coat, Brenda. Do you like it?
你对我的新装还没说怎么样呢，喜欢吗？
I’m sorry I didn’t say anything about it sooner. I certainly think it’s pretty on you. 对不起，我还没来得及。我认为你穿上当然好看。
（2）如果主句的谓语动词是过去时态，从句的谓语动词动作发生在主句的动作之前，过去完成时、过去完成进行时或一般过去时。
The police found that the house had been broken into and a lot of things stolen. 警察发现有人闯入房子并且很多东西被偷
She said she had been waiting for me for a long time.她说她等了我很长时间。
（3）如果主句的谓语动词是过去时态，从句的动作和主句的动作同时发生，则从句的动词用一般过去时或过去进行时。
I didn’t know you were here.我不知道你在这里。
I was told that they were designing a new machine.有人告诉我他们在设计一种新机器。
（4）如果主句的谓语动词是过去时态，从句的动作发生在主句的动作之后，则从句的动词用过去将来时、过去将来进行时或过去将来完成时。
We were all surprised when he made it clear that he would leave office soon. 当他宣布他不久就要离职时，我们都很吃惊。
They said they would be listening to a report on current affairs.
他说他们将听关于时事的报告。
四、引导名词性从句的关联词
在传统的语法中，有连接代词、连接副词和关系代词、关系副词之分；连接代词、连接副词引导名词性从句和关系代词、关系副词引导定语从句。本书根据最新资料不再作此分类，通称关系代词和关系副词。 引导名词性从句的关联词大致相同，它们分别是：连词：that, whether, if；关系代词：who, what, which , whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever；关系副词：when, where, how, why, however, whenever, wherever。引导从句时一般不用逗号和主句分开。详细见下表：
1、that从句与wh-关系代词和关系副词引导名词性从句的区别
连词that在从句中不作成分，不含疑问意义；而wh-连词在从句中作成分，且含有疑问意义； 或what/where从句相当于一个名词后加一个定语从句。
It worried her a bit that her hair was turning grey.
她的头发在变白令她有点担忧。（that在从句中只起引导词作用，不作成分）
What caused the accident is still a complete mystery.
事故发生的原因仍然是个不解之谜。（What在从句中作主语）
2、that与whether引导名词性从句的区别。
that与whether都是连词，引导名词性从句时，在句中只起连接作用，都不担任句子成分，使用时有下列区别：
（1）动词doubt表示“怀疑、不知道” 解时，肯定句接whether引导的宾语从句； 否定句don’t doubt和疑问句Do you doubt要接that引导的从句。
I don’t doubt that he will come soon.我不怀疑他不久会来。（此处不用whether）
Can you doubt that he will win?你怀疑他会赢吗？（此处不用whether）
I doubt whether it is true.我怀疑那不是真的。
比较：doubt表示“不信”解时，表示强烈的不相信时，在陈述句中可接that从句。
I doubt that he will stay there.我不信他会留在那里。
（2）that本身无意义，有时可以省略；whether本身有意义，在句中均不可省略。
He said (that) he was from New York.他说他是从纽约来的。（that无意义，可以省略）
Whether he will go there is not decided yet.他去不去没定下来。（whether 有意义，不可以省略）
（3）如果宾语从句表示两种可能性据其一时，只能用whether(or not)，不可用that。
I wonder whether he knew the manager(or not).我不知道他是否认识经理。（不能用that） I am not sure whether he will come.他来不来我没把握。（不能用that）
（4）whether引导的从句能几乎作所有介词的宾语；
that引导的从句只能作except, but, besides的介词宾语。
I have no interest in whether he will come.我对他来与否不感兴趣。（不能用that）
He is a good boy except that he is careless sometimes.他是个好孩子，只是有时有点粗心。
3、whether和if的区别
（1）whether可以引导discuss和介词宾语从句，而if不能。
I haven’t settled the question of whether I’ll lend him the money.
我还没决定是否把钱借给她。（不能用if）
They are talking about whether they will go there.他们正在讨论是否去那里。（不能用if）
（2）whether可以应到所有的名词性从句，而if只能引导宾语从句；在引起主语从句时，特别是主语从
句在句首时，不能用if，除非是有形式主语it的主语从句。
Whether the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.
2000年奥运会是否在北京举行还不知道。（不能用if）
Whether we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
The question is whether it is worth doing.
问题是这值不值得做。我们明天是否去野营要看天气而定。（不能用if）
The question whether we need it has not been decided.我们需不需要它还没定。（不能用if）
（3）whether后可以直接跟or not或or no，构成whether or not或whether or no，if则不能。但可
以说whether/if„ or not, whether/if„ or。
I don't know whether or not he'll come. 我不知道他是否会来。（不能用if）
He will leave for Paris tomorrow, whether or no.他明天无论如何要动身去巴黎了。（不能用if） I don’t care whether/ if you come or not.我不关心你来与否。
（4）if 引导的从句可用于否定的谓语，whether引导的从句不用于否定的谓语。
I don't care if you won't come.我才不在乎他来不来呢。
He doesn’t care if you don’t pay the money.你付不付钱他不在乎。
（5）whether „or可以引导让步状语从句，or不可省略；if可以引导条件状语从句。
Whether it snows or not, I will go there by bike.不论明天下不下雪，我都骑车去。 If he had been given more time, he could have done it much better.
如果给他更多的时间，他会做得更好。
（6）whether可以和不定式连用，而if不能。
He didn’t know whether to get married or to wait.他不知道是现在结婚还是等等再说。 They haven’t decided whether to go there or not.他们还没决定去不去。
（7）whether和if引导的宾语从句，可以用肯定，也可以用否定，但含义不同。
He asked whether she could help.他问她是否能帮忙。（表示疑问，可加or not）
He asked whether she couldn’t help.他认为她能帮忙。（表示否定，不可加or not）
4、关系代词与关系副词引起的名词性从句的应当注意的问题
（1）wh-ever引起的名词性从句不含疑问意义，相当于不定代词后加一个定语从句：whatever = anything that，whoever=anyone who, wherever=any place where, whenever=any time when表示泛指； 而what，which，who，when，where，how等词都有时含有疑问意义，表示特指。
A computer can only do what you have instructed it to do. 计算机只能按人们的指令去做事。(特指)
It is generally considered unwise to give a child whatever he or she wants.
普遍认为，孩子要什么就给他什么不是聪明之举。(泛指)
It was a matter of who would take the position. 问题是谁担当这个职位。(特指)
Whoever has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.
不论谁救了这个溺水孩子都值得表扬。(泛指)
（2）介词后的who/whom，whoever/whomever的选择问题，则要看连接词在从句中是作主语还是作宾语而
定，如在从句中作主语则只能选用who/whoever。
Give them to whoever is likely to be interested.把他们送给感兴趣的人。（不能用whomever） Who do you think is the best student?你认为谁是最好的学生。（不能用whom）
Sarah hopes to become a friend of whoever shares her interests.
塞拉希望成为和她能同甘共苦的人的朋友。
（3）正确使用who/ whoever，what/whatever，how/however，where/wherever，when/whenever，which/whichever，who，what，where，when，how，which一要分析句子结构，看其在从句中作何成分，二是理清其在句中的含义。
---I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. 我上周开车去参加珠海的空展了。
---Is that why you had a few days off? （表原因）这就是你请了几天假的原因吗？
I remember when this used to be a quiet place.我记忆中这里曾经是一个安静的地方。(表时间)
4、but, but that 和but what
（1）用于no doubt和not deny之后相当于that。
There can be no doubt but that it is the best choice.这无疑是最好的选择。
I can’t deny but what it is an urgent matter.我不否认这是一件紧迫的事。
（2）用于特殊疑问句中或否定词后，相当于that„not。
Who knows but that it may be true?
=Who knows that it may not be true？谁知道这是不是真的？
I can hardly believe but that the answer is right.
= I can hardly believe that the answer is not right.我简直不相信这答案是正确的。
（3）but that 可以引导条件状语从句，这时，but that 表示“若不是”，相当于if从句，
主句常用虚拟语气。
He would have helped you but that he was short of money at the time.
如果不是当时没有钱的话，他会帮你的。
He would have said no but that he was afraid.若不是害怕的话，他会拒绝的。
五、主语从句(subject clauses)
1、概述
在复合句中起主语作用的从句叫主语从句。引导主语从句的词有从属连词、、关系代词、连接副词等。引导主语从句的关联词有从属连词that、whether，关系代词：who, what, which , whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever；关系副词：when, where, how, why, however, whenever, wherever等。
That you don’t like him is none of my business.你不喜欢她不管我的事。 What he said is true. 他说的是真的。
Do you remember how he arrived almost at the end of the party?高中英语名词性从句
你记得他几乎是在宴会快结束时才到的吗？
This party's really where it's at, man! 啊，这个晚会真棒！
Tell us how you fulfilled the heavy task ahead of schedule.
告诉我们,你们是怎样提前完成这一艰巨任务的。
We have reason to believe that the fighting on the border may develop into a full-blown war. (喻)我们有理由相信边境上的冲突可能发展成一场全面战争。
He said that he would come. 他说他要来。 Whether the football game will be played depends on the weather.
足球比赛是否举行将视天气而定。
2、从属连词that，whether引导的主语从句。
从属连词that，whether在主语从句中的作用只是引导主语从句，它们在从句中不担任成分，不能省略。 Whether she will come or not is still a question. 她是否会来仍是一个问题。 That they will go is certain.他们去是肯定的。 Whether she's coming or not doesn't matter too much.她来不来没有多大关系。
3、it作形式主语引导主语从句。
如果主语从句太长，为避免句子结构头重脚轻，我们可用it作形式主语，而把主语从句放在主句谓语部分之后。That引导的主语从句可用it代替，that 不可省略。
用作it作形式主语的结构：
（1）It is/was +形容词+that 从句
It’s natural that„ 很自然„„ It’s obvious that „ 显而易见„„
It’s fortunate that „ 幸运的是 It’s (im)possible„（不）可能„„
It’s unlikely that„ 不可能 It’s strange that„奇怪的是„„
（2）It is/was +名词+that 从句
It’s a pity that„ 遗憾的是„„ It’s a fact that „事实是„„
It’s good news that„是好消息„„ It’s a wonder that„不足为奇„„
It’s an honour that„ 非常荣幸„„ It’s a shame that„真是可耻„„
It’s common knowledge that „ 是常识„
（3）It +不及物动词+that 从句
It seems that„ 似乎„„ It happened that„碰巧„„
It appears that„看来„„ It turns out that„结果„„
（4）It is/was +过去分词+that 从句
It’s not known that„ „„不得而知 It’s said that„ 据说„„
It’s reported that„ 据报道„„ It’s decided that„尚未决定
It’s believed that„ 据认为„„ It’s announced that„据宣布„„
It suddenly struck me (occur to me that„ 我突然想到（感觉到）„„
（5）其他
It doesn’t matter „ 是无关紧要的
It makes no difference „毫无区别„„
It is of little consequence that„无关紧要
It is a pity that she has made such a mistake. 她犯这样的错误是令人遗憾的事。
It's strange that he didn't come yesterday. 他昨天没来是很奇怪的。
It is reported that the number of wild animals in Africa is decreasing.
据报导非洲野生动物的数量正在减少。
It is said that there was a terrible plane crash this morning.
据说今天早上有一起可怕的飞机坠毁事故。
3、由关系代词引导的主语从句。
（1）关系代词who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等，引导主语从句时，它们分别在从句中担任主语、宾语或定语，不能省略。 Whoever leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.走得最晚的应当关灯。 What you have done might do harm to other people. 你的行为可能伤害别人。 What he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.他在会议上的发言时所有入会者吃惊。 Who made the long distance call is not important.谁打的长途电话并不重要。
（2）what引导主语从句“„„的东西/事情”时，可用来表示the thing(s)which这种意思，引导从句，表示一样东西与一件事情，这种用法的what称为关系代词型what，who，whom，which，what可以和ever构成合成词，和what一样引导从句，ever起强调作用。这些关系词在句子中充当成分，所以不能省略。此类主语从句不能用形式主语it引导。 What I need (=The thing which I need) is a mobile phone.我所需要的是一部移动电话。 Whoever leaves the office (=Any one who leaves the office)should tell me.
无论是谁离开办公室都应该告诉我。
4、关系副词引导的主语从句。
连接副词有when, where, why, how, however, whenever, wherever等引导主语从句时，它们在从句中担任状语，不能省略。此类主语从句可以转换为以it作形式主语的句子。 Why he didn't come here is not clear to anyone.他为什么没来谁也不清楚。 How a telephone works is a question which not everyone can answer.
电话是怎样工作的，这个问题并不是每个人都能回答。 Where she has gone is not known yet.她去了哪儿，还不知道。 When they will start has not been decided yet. 他们何时动身还未定下来。 Why he did it didn't concern me. 他为什么做这件事与我无关。
5、主语从句不可位于句首的四种情况。
（1）含主语从句的复合句是疑问句、感叹句时，主语从句不可提前，用引导词it作形式主语。 Is it really true that he has gone abroad? 他真的出国了吗？
How surprising it was that he failed in the exam!真令人惊奇，他考试没有及格！
（2）It is said, reported, „结构中的主语从句不可提前。
It’s said that the play is very interesting.据说戏剧很有趣。
It’s reported that the highway will be opened to traffic next week.
据报道，高速路下周通车。
篇二:《高中英语语法总结-名词性从句》
名词性从句
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses）。 名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
第一节 知识点讲解
顾名思义，主语从句在句子中作主语。有时本身出现在主语的位置上，也有时出于句子结构的考虑退到句子的尾部，前面用形式主语it代替。从句作主语时，谓语动词一般为单数形式。如:
Tips: 主语从句的that绝对不能省去。因为句子是不能做主语的，故用that引导。若去掉则没有了主语，而宾语从句的that可省。
主语从句：That he is right is known to all of us.
宾语从句：We all know (that) he is right.
1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较
It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人时也可用who/whom。例如： a) It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film. 你不去看那场电影真可惜。
b) It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not. 我对你成功与否不感兴趣。
c) It is in the morning that the murder took place. 谋杀案是在早上发生的。（强调句型）
d) It is John that broke the window. 是John打碎的窗户。（强调句型）
2. 用it 作形式主语的结构
(1) It is ＋ 名词 ＋ 从句
It is a fact that … 事实是…
It is an honor that …非常荣幸
It is common knowledge that …是常识
(2) It is ＋ 形容词 ＋ 从句
It is natural that… 很自然…
It is strange that… 奇怪的是…
(3) It is ＋ 不及物动词 ＋ 从句
It seems that… 似乎…
It happened that… 碰巧…
It appears that… 似乎…
(4) It ＋ 过去分词 ＋ 从句
It is reported that… 据报道…
It has been proved that… 已证实…
It is said that… 据说…
3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况：
（1）if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。
（2）It is said /reported…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：
正确表达：It is said that President Jiang will visit our school next week.
错误表达：That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said.
（3）It happens/occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：
正确表达：It occurred to him that he failed in the examination.
错误表达：That he failed in the examination occurred to him.
（4）It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：
正确表达：It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not.
错误表达：Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter.
（5）含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如：
正确表达：Is it likely that it
will rain in the evening?
错误表达：Is that will rain in the evening likely?
4. what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别
what 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语．宾语．表语，而that 则不然。例如：
a) What you said yesterday is right.
b) That she is still alive is a consolation
宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词 (及物动词) 或介词之后。
亲情类文章1. 作动词的宾语
(1) 由that引导的宾语从句(that 通常可以省略), 例如：
I heard that be joined the army. 我听说他参军了。
(2) 由what, whether (if) 引导的宾语从句，例如：
a) She did not know what had happened. 她不知道发生了什么。
b) I wonder whether you can change this note for me. 我想知道你是否能帮我改一下笔记。
(3) 动词＋间接宾语＋宾语从句。例如：
She told她对我说她会接受我的邀请。
2. 作介词的宾语，例如：
Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another. 我们的成功取决于我们之间的合作。
3. 作形容词的宾语，例如：
I am afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake. 我恐怕我已经犯了一个错误。
注意：that 引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语：anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content 等。也可以将此类词后的that 从句的看作原因状语从句。
4. it 可以作为形式宾语
it 不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾，特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。 例如：
We heard it that she would get married next month. 我听说她下个朋就会结婚了。
5. 后边不能直接跟that 从句的动词
这类动词有allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等。这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语，但不可以用that引导的宾语从句。如：
正确表达：I admire their winning the match.
错误表达：I admire that they won the match.
6. 不可用that从句作直接宾语的动词
有些动词不可用于“动词＋间接宾语＋that从句“结构中，常见的有envy, order(命令), accuse, refuse, impress, forgive, blame, denounce（公开指责）, advise, congratulate等。例如：
正确表达：He impressed the manager as an honest man.
错误表达：He impressed the manager that he was an honest man.
7. 否定的转移
若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy（想象）, guess, imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。例如：
I don’t think this dress fits you well. 我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。
三．【表语从句】高中英语名词性从句
汉族的起源表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动词之后，一般结构是“主语＋连系动词＋表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain（留下、保持、依然）, seem等。引导表语从句的that常可省略。另外，常用的还有the reason is that… 和It is because 等结构。例如：
1) The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time.
2) This is why we can’t get the support of the people.
3) But the fact remains that we are behind the other classes.
4) The reason he is late for school is that he missed the early bus.
同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。
1. 同位语从句的功能
同位语从句对于名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由that引导，例如：
1) The king’s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.
2) The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general.
2. 同位语在句子中的位置
同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。例如：
He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.
3. 同位语从句与定语从句的区别
（1）. 同位语从句和定语从句相似，二者都有先行词。同位语从句是对先行词的进一步陈述，和先行词是同等的关系，含义相同。定语从句是对先行词的修饰或限制。
（2）. 同位语从句表示先行词的内容是什么，进一步说明先行词。定语从句与先行词之间是所属关系，表示“ …的 ” ，起修饰作用。
（3）. 同位语从句的“ that ” 不能省略。定语从句的关系代词“ that ” 在从句中作宾语时可以省略。
（4） 同位语从句的先行词是一个含有概念的抽象名词，从句对这一概念进行展开或说明。
1.正确使用同位语从句的关连词； 2.正确运用同位语从句的先行词； 3.能正确认识并正确翻译同位语从句。 同位语从句和定语从句比较练习
1. I heard about the news that he got a full mark in this examination.（同位语从句）
2. This is good news that I heard from Mary. （定语从句）
3. He can’t answer the question how he got the money. （同位语从句）
4. This is an easy question that he answered in class. （定语从句）
通过以上介绍，我们可以看出，四种名词性从句都需要有一个连接性词在从句的开头。这个词是什么性质，要看它在从句中作作的成分，如果作的是主语、宾语、表语的话，这个词就是连接代词；如果作的是各种状语，就叫连接副词；如果不作任何成分，就叫连接词。
引导名词性从句的连接词 ：
连接词 that, if, whether
连接代词： who, whom, what, whose, which, whichever, whatever, whoever
连接副词 when, where, how, why
第二节 考点分类解析
【考点一：语序问题】
名词性从句的语序：永远陈述语气。即名词性从句中不会出现助动词提前的现象。如：
Who he is doesn’t matter much.
When and where we shall have the sports meet is a question.
I don’t know what his name is.
I don’t know what is wrong with him. = I don’t know what is the matter with him.
You can’t imagine how excited I was at that time.
Can you tell me what size shoes you wear?
No one can be sure ______ in a million years. （MET1991）
A. what will man look like
C. man will look like what B. what man will look like D. what look will man like
【考点二：that和what的区别问题】
能引导名词性从句的关系代词有who, whom, what, whose, which, whichever, whatever, whoever八个。为何单独讲what的用法呢？重要！在考试中出现的频率高！在本书第一章《定语从句》中，我们提到过，what是不能引导定语从句的。定语从句中如果缺少的成分是主语、宾语、表语，我们选择的是关系代词that或其他。现在山头换了，到了名词性从句的知识范围了。What在名词性从句中就很有用武之地了。还是分析成分，what 在从句中作的主语、宾语、表语。而that只是一个“连接词”，既不作什么成分，也没有什么意义。如:
What you did doesn’t agree with what you promised.
What he couldn’t understand was why his teacher was never satisfied with him.
The matter of salary is what I care most if I decide to change my profession.
What we can’t get always seems better than what we have already got.
I think that your composition is no better than his.
That you don’t love her is not my business.
What we have seen is different from _______.
A. we heard B. we have heard C. what we heard D. what we have heard
答案：D。我们应该可以看出这是个宾语从句。从句中hear是个及物动词，缺少宾语。所以，应该选有what引导的从句。而不能是that或者省略了that的情况。
I couldn’t agree with ______ at the meeting.
A. that you said B. which you said C. all what you said D. what you said
答案：Ｄ。与上一题相同，这也是一个考查宾语从句的题目。从句中的say是个及物动词，缺少宾语。所以，应该选择what引导的宾语从句。但是，这个题目最容易错的选项是Ｃ。 因为有些同学会认为all是先行词，而后面时what引导的定语从句。但是，what是不引导定语从句的。所以，Ｃ根本就是不存在的。
【考点三：that和whether的区别问题】
有时候，它们两个比较难以区别，因为，它们都是连接词，都在从句中不作成分。但是，它们之间最大的区别在于“意义”。即that在从句中既不作成分，也没有自己的意义；而whether就不同了。它虽然不在从句中作什么成分，但是它又意义，即“是否”。这就能够左右从句的意思，使从句所表达的意思变成一个还没有确定的因素。如：
I don’t know whether he can join us or not.
I’m sure that he can join us.
It is none of your business whether I love her.
It is none of your business that I don’t love her.
综上所述，区分that还是whether，重要一点就是看主句需要从句表达一个什么意思，是确定的，还是不确定的；是事实还是疑问。前者选that，后者选whether。如：
I have no doubt _____ Mr. Johnson will make it here on time.
A. that B. whether C. why D. when
No one can be sure _____ the board will accept our conditions.
A. that B. whether C. why D. what
【考点四：if和whether的区别问题】
二者在引导宾语从句时都有“是否”之意。但并不是永远可以互换。一般认为，二者可以互换的环境也只有在宾语从句中。如：
He didn’t give us explicit reply whether/if he will attend our wedding ceremony.
篇三:《高中英语语法精讲精练---名词性从句》
高中英语语法精讲精练----名词性从句
一、名词性从句的语法功能与分类
在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses)。名词性从句的功能相当于名词或名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
主语从句：如果一个句子在复合句中充当一个主语，那么这个句子就是主语从句。
1) What he is going to do is not clear.
2) Who will be our monitor hasn’t been decided yet.
宾语从句：如果一个句子在复合句中用作宾语，那么这个句子就叫做宾语从句。
1) Jack said that he had something important to do.
2) I want to know if/whether there is a train to Beijing.
表语从句：如果一个句子在复合句中用作表语，那么这个句子就叫做表语从句。 The trouble is that I have lost his address.
同位语从句：用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。
一般情况下同位语从句跟在某些名词，如news，idea，fact，word（消息），question，thought，doubt，order，promise，hope，message，information等的后面，用以说明该名词所表达的具体内容。关联词多用从属连词that。 1) They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick. 2) Where did you get the idea that I could not come? 3) Early in the day came the news that Germany had declared war on Russia.
【注意】that引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别高中英语名词性从句
☆ 定语从句是修饰限制它前面的名词，因此，它是属于形容词性从句。而同位语从句属于名词性从句，它是用来说明它前面的名词内容的，或者说是解释前面名词的内容。
换而言之：
同位语从句和先行词是同等的关系；而定语从句是用来修饰先行词，是从属的关系。
关于坚持的作文素材区别： Galileo collected facts __B___ the Earth goes round the sun.
Galileo collected facts __D___ proved the Earth goes round the sun.
A. which B. that C. of which D. A and B
【考点点拨】
在suggestion，advice，request，order等意为“建议；命令；要求”的名词后，名词性从句中的谓语动词通常用“should +动词原形”的虚拟语气结构，句中的should可以省略。例如：
☆ My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow.
我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。
☆ This is our only request that this（should）be settled as soon as possible.
这就是我们唯一的请求：尽快解决这个问题。
此类词有：
一“坚持” insist
二“命令” order, command
三“建议” advise(advice), suggest(suggestion), propose (proposal)
四“要求” require, request, desire, demand
二、名词性从句连接词的选用
名词性从句一般有以下三种连接词：
1. 从属连词that，if和whether。that在句中无实际意义，只起连接作用，但不可以省略；if不可以用于句首。
Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear.
He told us that they would help us though the whole work.
2. 连接代词主要有who, whom，whose，what，whoever，whomever，whosever， whatever，
whichever等。
What concerns me most is who will be my teacher next term.
3. 连接副词主要有when，where，why，how，whenever，wherever，however等。 None of us knows where these new books can be bought.
[注意] 不能使用if的情况
a. 主语从句
b. 表语从句
c. 同位语从句
d. 介词后的宾语从句
e. whether to do 做动词宾语不能用if to do.
f. 与 or not 连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if.
1.______ he wants is a book.
2. ______ he wants to go there is obvious.
3. We should pay attention to ______ the teacher is saying.
4. He told us ______ he felt ill.
5. The result is ______ we won the game.
6. This is _____ we want to know.
7. I have no idea _____ he did that afternoon.
8. The fact______ she works hard is well known to us all.
练习：if / whether
1. I asked her __________ she had a bike.
2. I don’t know ___________ he is well or not.
3.___________ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.
4.It hasn't been decided____________ we shall attend the meeting.
5.We’re worried about ________ he is safe.
6. The question is _________ he should do it.
7.The doctor can hardly answer the question__________ the old man will recover soon.
8. I don’t know _______ to go or to stay at home.
附加练习
1.I doubt____________ he can speak English.
2.I don’t doubt ____________ he can speak English.
Whatever有两个用法，一是引导名词性从句（如主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句），二是用于引导让步状语从句。
No matter what只能引导让步状语从句（不能引导名词性从句），其意为“无论什么”。
【注意】这样用的no matter what与引导状语从句的whatever用法相同，有时可互换。如：No matter what you say, I believe you. =Whatever you say, I believe you. 无论你说什么，我都相信你。
一、2010年高考真题链接
1.(全国卷I卷33).We haven’t discussed yet _______ we are going to place our new furniture. A. that B. which C. what D. where
2.(全国II卷10) —Have you finished the book？
—No. I’ve read up to _____ the children discover the secret cave.
A. which B. what C. that D. where
3.(北京卷 A. who B. where C. what D. how
4.(北京卷32). Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was __ it was rather closely modeled on his own life.
A. what B. that C. why D. whether
5.(北京卷A. Whether B. What C. That D. How
6.(福建卷35). We should respect food and think about the people who don’t havehave here and treat food nicely.
A. that B. which C. what D. whether
7.(湖南卷35). Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears .No one in the office knew _____ she was so angry.
A. where B. whether C. that D. why
8.(江苏卷35).—I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.
篇四:《高中英语 名词性从句 教案》
学大教育个性化教案 教学过程
一、 复习预习
复合句分为哪几类？
1、 名词性从句
2、 形容词性从句
3、 状语从句
二、 知识讲解
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses）。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
一． 主语从句
主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。
1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较
It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人时也可用who/whom。例如：
a) It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film. 你不去看那场电影真可惜。
b) It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not. 我对你成功与否不感兴趣。
c) It is in the morning that the murder took place. 谋杀案是在早上发生的。（强调句型）
d) It is John that broke the window. 是John打碎的窗户。（强调句型）
2. 用it 作形式主语的结构
(1) It is ＋ 名词 ＋ 从句
It is a fact that „ 事实是„
It is an honor that „非常荣幸
It is common knowledge that „是常识
(2) It is ＋ 形容词 ＋ 从句
It is natural that„ 很自然„
It is strange that„ 奇怪的是„
(3) It is ＋ 不及物动词 ＋ 从句
It seems that„ 似乎„
It happened that„ 碰巧„
It appears that„ 似乎„
(4) It ＋ 过去分词 ＋ 从句
It is reported that„ 据报道„
It has been proved that„ 已证实„
It is said that„ 据说„
3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况：
（1）if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。
（2）It is said /reported„结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：
正确表达：It is said that President Jiang will visit our school next week.
错误表达：That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said.
（3）It happens/occurs„结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：
正确表达：It occurred to him that he failed in the examination.
错误表达：That he failed in the examination occurred to him.
（4）It doesn’t matter how/whether „结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：
正确表达：It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not.
错误表达：Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter.
（5）含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如：
正确表达：Is it likely that it will rain in the evening?
错误表达：Is that will rain in the evening likely?
4. what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别
what 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语．宾语．表语，而that 则不然。例如： a) What you said yesterday is right.
b) That she is still alive is a consolation
二．宾语从句
宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词 (及物动词) 或介词之后。
1. 作动词的宾语
(1) 由that引导的宾语从句(that 通常可以省略), 例如：
I heard that be joined th雪中梅花e army. 我听说他参军了。
(2) 由what, whether (if) 引导的宾语从句，例如：
a) She did not know what had happened. 她不知道发生了什么。
b) I wonder whether you can change this note for me. 我想知道你是否能帮我改一下笔记。
(3) 动词＋间接宾语＋宾语从句。例如：
She told me that she would accept my invitation. 她对我说她会接受我的邀请。
2. 作介词的宾语，例如：
Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another. 我们的成功取决于我们之间的合作。
3. 作形容词的宾语，例如：
I am afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake. 我恐怕我已经犯了一个错误。
注意：that 引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语：anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content 等。也可以将此类词后的that 从句的看作原因状语从句。
4. it 可以作为形式宾语
it 不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾，特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。例如：
We heard it that she would get married next month. 我听说她下个朋就会结婚了。
5. 后边不能直接跟that 从句的动词
这类动词有allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等。这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语，但不可以用that引导的宾语从句。如：
正确表达：I admire their winning the match.
错误表达：I admire that they won the match.
6. 不可用that从句作直接宾语的动词
有些动词不可用于“动词＋间接宾语＋that从句“结构中，常见的有envy, order, accuse, refuse, impress, forgive, blame, denounce, advise, congratulate等。例如：
正确表达：He impressed the manager as an honest man.
错误表达：He impressed the manager that he was an honest man.
7. 否定的转移
若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。例如：
I don’t think this dress fits you well. 我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。
三. 表语从句
表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动词之后，一般结构是“主语＋连系动词＋表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。引导表语从句的that常可省略。另外，常用的还有the reason is that„ 和It is because 等结构。例如：
1) The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time.
2) This is why we can’t get the support of the people.
3) But the fact remains that we are behind the other classes.
4) The reason he is late for school is that he missed the early bus.
四. 同位语从句
同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。
1. 同位语从句的功能
同位语从句对于名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由that引导，例如：
1) The king’s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.
2) The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general.
2. 同位语在句子中的位置
同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。例如：
He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.
3. 同位语从句与定语从句的区别
(1) 定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时以在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语），而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。
(2) 定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述定的性质或特征；同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行补充说明。例如：
1) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.（他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。）（第一个that引导的从句是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语）
2)The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.（汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的。）（同位语从句，that在句中不作任何成分）
三、 例题精析
1.（10福建35） We should respect food and think about the people who don’t have
we have here and treat food nicely.
A. that
答案：C
考点：宾语从句
解析：空格在句中充当宾语
2.（10湖南35） Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knew she was so angry. B. which C. what D. whether
篇五:《高中英语名词性从句》
从句作宾语
宾语从句需要注意的要点：
1. 语序，宾语从句中必须为陈述语序（判断正误）
Do you know why winter is colder than summer? (T)
I don’t know what is he talking about. (F)
I don’t know what he is talking about. (T)
2. 引导词，that， if/whether， where/ what…
Eg：She said (that) she would help me.
I don’t know I don’t know
3. 时态宾语从句与主句的时态要相互呼应。
主句是现在或将来时态时，从句可用任何所需要的时态。
主句是过去时态时，从句要用表示过去的相应的时态。但从句表达的是客观
规律或真理时，用一般现在时。如：
He said he had finished his studies when the war broke out.他说战争爆发时，他已经完成了学业。
He said he would spend his holiday in Dalian.他说他将在大连度假。 She said that the earth moves around the sun.她说地球围绕太阳转。
4.形式宾语如宾语从句有自己的宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，而把宾语从句后置
We think it important that we should master at least one foreign language.我们认为掌握至少一门外语是重要的 5. 否定转移当主句的谓语动词为think, believe, suppose等动词,且主语为第一人称时,从句的否定要转移到主句上。例如: I don’t believe he is here on time, is he?
I don’t think Tom is the best student in his class, is he?
Translation： 1..你能告诉我我们今天下午将在哪儿开会吗?
Can you tell me
2. 我那时不知道他明天是否会来
I didn't know _
3.让我们假设，有一天这事发生在你身上。
1. Let’s suppose (that) _4.老师告诉我们光比声音的传播速度更快
2. Our teacher told us __
For example:
He said (that) . 他说他会去照看这个婴儿
The teacher told us(that).告诉我们世上无难事只怕有心人。
实战演练
1.I am not sure ___ Lily will come here or not.
A.whetherB.that C. weather D. why
2. I feel like __________ a long walk. Would you like _________ with me ?
A. taking; going B. to take; going C. taking; to go D. to take; to go
3. Don’t forget __________ the letter for me when you pass by the post office.
A. post B. to post C. posted D. posting
4. You should keep on _________ English every day in order to improve it.
A. to practise to speak B. to practise speaking C. practising to speak D. practising speaking
5. Do you still remember __________ to your hometown ten years ago?
A. taken B. to take C. to be taken D. being taken
6. I should say sorry to him. I regret ___________ to help him that day.
A. refusing B. to refuse C. refused D. refuse
7. A. that B this C. it D. one
8. I am very sorry. I didn’t mean _________________.
A. hurting your feeling B. to hurt your feeling
C. hurt your feeling D. being hurt
9.The police wanted to know ___this time yesterday?
A.where were you B.what you were doing C.who is with you D.what you are doing
10. I don’t believe she would make such a mistake,____________.
A. do I ? B would she? C doesn’t she? D did she?
Multiple choices
1-5 ACBDD 5-10 ACBBB
名词性从句：动名词
一．动名词作主语的几种类型
1. 直接位于句首做主语
Talking mends no holes. (谚) 空谈无济于事。
Seeingis believing. 眼见为实。
2. 用 it 作形式主语，把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾作后置主语
注意：有时可用先行词it作主语，而把动名词主语放到后面去，作表语的可以是形容词（a），也可以是名词（b）。
a． 形容词：better，wonderful，enjoyable，interesting，foolish，difficult，
useless，senseless，worthwhile，等。
important，essential，necessary 等形容词不能用于上述结构。
b． 名词： “It is no/little use...”，“It is no good...”，“It is fun...”，“It is a waste
of time...” “It is worthwhile ...” 等句型。
It isfun playing with children.和孩子们一起玩真好。
It isno use crying over split milk.覆水难收
3. 用于“There be”结构中
动名次可用于“There be”句型中，例如：there’s no…; there’s no point in…; there’s nothing worse than…; what’s theuse/point...
There is no saying when he'll come.很难说他何时回来。
There is no joking about such matters. 对这种事情不是开玩笑的。
4. 用于布告形式的省略结构中
例如：
No spitting. 禁止吐痰。
No parking. 禁止停车。
5. 动名词的复合结构作主语
当动名词有自己的逻辑主语时，常可以在前面加上一个名词或代词的所有格，构成动名词的复合结构 (这时，名词或代词的所有格做动名词的逻辑主语)。 注意: 动名词复合结构在句首作主语时, 其中的物主代词不能用人称代词宾格，名词所有格不能用名词普通格来代替。
例如：
Mary’s (不可用Mary) being ill made her mother upset.
玛丽病了，使她妈妈很着急。
His (不可用Him)smoking made his family angry
他抽烟使他一家人非常生气。
二．动名词作宾语的几种类型
1. 作动词的宾语
某些动词或动词词组后只能用动名词作宾语，不能用不定式。常见的此类动词有：admit, appreciate, advise, allow, avoid, be/get used to, consider, cannot help, defer, delay, deny, excuse, enjoy, escape, fancy, feel like, finish, forgive, give up,imagine, look forward to, mind, miss,object to, permit, put off, practice, pardon, postpone, prevent, risk,resist, stand, suggest, set about, succeed in, worry about
等。
例如：
Do you mind mailingthis letter for me? 你介意替我寄这封信吗？
Mark often attempts toescape being fined whenever he breaks traffic regulations.
每当马克违反交通规则时，他常常企图逃避罚款的处分。
2. 作介词的宾语
Shall we have a rest or get down to doing our work?我们休息呢还是开始干活？
He was notaccustomed to associatingwith such people. 他不习惯和这类人交往。
3. 作形容词的宾语
The music is well worth listening to more than once.
这种曲子很值得多听几遍。
We are busy preparing for the coming sports meet.
我们正为马上到来的运动会忙着做准备。
4. 动名词复合结构做宾语
在口语中，如果动名词复合结构作宾语，其中的物主代词常用人称代词宾格，名词所有格常用名词普通格来代替。如：
Would you mind my/me usingyour computer?
你介意我用下你的电脑吗？
The father insisted on his son’s/his son goingto college.
爸爸坚决要求儿子上大学。
注意: 在下列情况下动名词的逻辑主语必须用名词的普通格或人称代词宾格：
a.无生命名词
Do you hearthe rain pattering on the roof?
你听见雨点打在屋顶上了吗？
b. 有生命名词但表示泛指意义
Have you ever heard ofwomen practicing boxing?
你听说过妇女练拳击吗？
c.两个以上的有生命名词并列
Do you remember your parents and me telling about this? 你记得你父母和我都告诉过你这事吗？
d．逻辑主语是指示代词或不定代词this, that , somebody , someone ,
nobody, none, anybody, anyone 时
She was woken up by somebody shouting outside.
她被外面喊叫的人吵醒了。
三、动名词作表语
动名词作表语时句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或what引导的名词高中英语名词性从句
性从句。表语动名词与主语通常是对等的关系，表示主语的内容，主语、表语可互换位置。
Your task is cleaning the windows. (= Cleaning the windows is your task.) 你的任务就是擦窗户。
What I hate most is being laughed at.(= Being laughed at is what I hate most.)
我最痛恨的就是被别人嘲笑。
四、动名词作定语
动名词作定语往往表示被修饰词的某种用途。如：
a walking stick ＝a stick for walking=a stick which is used for walking
sleeping pills=pills for sleeping=pills which is used for sleeping
五．动名词的否定结构
注意：动名词的否定结构由not +动名词组成。如：
Trying without success is better thannot tryingat all.
实验没有成功也比不实验好。
He hated himself fornot havingwork hard.
他悔恨自己没有用功。
There is no denying the fact that he is diligent. （no denying 也是动名词一般
式的否定）
六．动名词的被动形式
注意：当动名词的逻辑主语是行为承受者时，用被动语态。如：
I likebeing given harder work. 我喜欢接受难点的工作。
She is proud of being admitted into the university. 她为被大学录取而感到自豪。
Multiple choices
1. The thief took away the woman's wallet without____.
A. being seen B. seeingC. him seeing D. seeing him
2. You can't help ____ commercials; every few minutes the program is interrupted to
give you one advertisement or another.
A. to hear B. to be heardC. hearing D. with hearing
3. He is very busy ____ his papers. He is far too busy ____ callers.
A. to write...to receive B. writing...to receive
C. writing...receiving D. to write...for receiving
4.The suspect at last admitted ____ stolen goods but denied ____ them.
A. receiving...sellingB. to receive...to sell
C. to receiving...to sellingD. to have received...to have sold
5. It is difficult to get used ____ in a tent after a soft, comfortable bed to lie on.
A.sleep B. to sleepingC. slept D. to sleep
6. We had some trouble ____ the house and nobody seemed ____ where it was.
A. in finding...knowing B. finding...to know
C. to find...knowing D. to find...to know
7. We can't imagine ____ in the entrance examination, for she has never been to school.
A. she succeeding B. her succeeding C. she succeed D. her to succeed
8. Jean did not have time to go to the concert last night because she was busy ____ for
her examination.
A. to prepare B. to be prepared
篇六:《高中英语名词性从句详解》
名词性从句—高中英语语法
（1）表语从句
1． 定义：用作表语的从句叫做表语从句
2． 构成：关联词+简单句
3． 引导表语从句的关联词的种类：
(1) 从属连词that。如：
The trouble is that I have lost his address. 麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。
(2) 从属连词whether, as, as if。如：
He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起来还与十年前一样。 The question is whether they will be able to help us. 问题是他们是否能帮我们。 注：从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句，但as if却可引导表语从句，如： All this was over twenty years ago, but it's as if it was only yesterday.
这都是20多年前的事了，但宛如昨天一样。
能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be, seem, look等。如：
It looked as if it was going to rain. 看起来天要下雨了。
(3)连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 连接副词 where, when, how, why。
如：The problem is who we can get to replace her. 问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。
The question is how he did it. 问题是他是如何做此事的。
That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic. 那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。
解释：
1． 连词because可引导表语从句。如：
I think it is because you are doing too much. 我想这是因为你做得太多。
2． 在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。should+动词原形表示，should可省略。如：
My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow. 我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。
（2）主语从句
1． 定义：用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。
2． 构成：关联词+简单句
3． 引导主语从句的关联词有三类：
(1) 从属连词that。 如：That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them.
很明显，她们确是亲姐妹，她们的脸型很相似。
(2) 从属连词whether。如：
Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear. 他是否会来这里还不清楚。
(3) 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 连接副词 where, when, how, why。如：
What she did is not yet known. 她干了什么尚不清楚。
How this happened is not clear to anyone. 这事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。 Whoever comes is welcome. 不论谁来都欢迎。
Wherever you are is my home ---- my only home. 你所在的任何地方就是我的家----我唯一的家。
解释：
1． 主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。常以it作形式主语的句型有：
A. It+be+形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.)+that从句。如：
It is certain that she will do well in her exam. 毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。 It is probable that he told her everything. 很可能他把一切都告诉她了。
B. It+be+名词词组(no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.)+that从句。如：
It’s a pity that we can’t go. 很遗憾我们不能去。
It’s no surprise that our team should have won the game. 我们没赢这场比赛真意外。
C. It+be+过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged, etc.)+that从句。如：
It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing. 据说格林先生已经到了北京。 It is reported that China has sent another man-made earth satellite into orbit. 据报道中国又成功地发射了一颗人造地球卫星。
D. It+seem, happen等不及物动词及短语+that从句。如：
It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all. Alice似乎不来参加晚会。 It happened that I was out that day. 碰巧我那天外出了。
E. It+doesn’t matter (makes no difference, etc.)+连接代词或连接副词引起的主语从句。如：
It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not. 她是否来这无关紧要。
It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting. 我们在哪里开会毫无区别。 F. 当that引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。如：
Is it true that the scientist will give us a lecture next week? 下周那位科学家将给我们作报告是真的吗？
Does it matter much that they will not come tomorrow? 他们明天不来很要紧吗？ G. 当主语从句出现在感叹句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。如： How strange it is that the children are so quiet! 孩子们这么安静真奇怪！
2．注意连接代词whoever, whatever, whichever等引导主语从句的含义
Whoever comes will be welcome. (whoever=the person who) 来的人将受到欢迎。 Whatever he did was right. (whatever=the thing that) 他所做的事情是正确的。 Whichever of you comes in will receive a prize. (whichever=anyone of you who) 你们当中不论哪个进来将会得到奖
（3）宾语从句
1． 定义：用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
2． 构成：关联词+简单句
3． 引导宾语从句的关联词有三类：
(1) 从属连词that。如：
He told us that he felt ill. 他对我们说他感到不舒服。
I know he has returned. 我知道他已经回来了。
注： that在引导宾语从句时也并不是任何情况下都可以省略。在以下情况下，that不能省略。
1． Everybody could see what happened and that Tom was frightened.(and连接两个宾语从句，that宾语从句放在and的后面时，that不能省略。)
大家都会看出所发生的事情并知道Tom非常害怕。
2．I know nothing about him except that he is from the south.(that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。)
对他我一无所知，只知道他是南方人。
3．That he ever said such a thing I simply don’t believe. (that从句位于句首时，that不可省略。)
我简直不相信他曾说过这样的话。
4． We decided, in view of his special circumstances, that we would admit him for a probationary period. (主句谓语动词与that从句之间有插入语，that不可省略。) 鉴于他的特殊情况，我们决定应允他一段试用期。
(2)从属连词if/whether。如：
I doubt whether he will succeed. 我怀疑他是否会成功。
I don’t know if you can help me. 我不知道你能否帮助我。
(3)连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 连接副词 where, when, how, why。
如：
Who or what he was, Martin never learned.
他是什么人？他是干什么的？马丁根本不知道。
I wonder what he’s writing to me about. 我不知道他要给我写信说什么事。 I’ll tell you why I asked you to come. 我会告诉你我为什么要你来。
You may do what you will. 你可做任何你想做的事。
(1) 介词宾语从句
宾语从句也可用作介词的宾语。如：
He was deeply displeased by what had occurred that day.
他对那天发生的事感到很不快。
I walked over to where she sat. 我走向她坐的地方。
I am curious as to what he will say. 我很想知道他要说什么。
Your success will largely depend upon what you do and how you do it.
你是否成功将主要取决于你做什么和怎样做。
有时介词可以省略。如：
I don’t care (for) who marries him. 我不管谁跟他结婚。
Be careful (as to) how you do that. 你要注意做这件事的方式。
解释：
1．如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。如：
We thought it strange that Xiao Wang did not come yesterday.
我们认为小王昨天没来是奇怪的。
He has made it clear that he will not give in.
他已表明他不会屈服。
2．作介词的宾语：连词that引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语，只用在except, but, in后。其他一些介词的宾语从句如果由连词that引导，则需用it先行一步，作形式宾语。如：
He is a good student except that he is careless.
他是一个好学生，只是有点粗心。
You may rely on it that I shall help you. 你可以指望我会帮助你的。
介词宾语不可以用which来引导，而要用what来引导。如：
Are you sorry for what you've done?
你为你所做的一切感到内疚吗？
3．某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句，这类形容词或过去分词有sure, glad, certain, pleased, happy, afraid, surprised, satisfied等，连词that可省略。如： I am not sure what I ought to do.
我不能确定我该做什么。
I'm afraid you don't understand what I said.
恐怕你没领会我说的意思。
I'm surprised that I didn't see all that before.
我好奇怪，我以前没看到过。
Mother was very pleased her daughter had passed the exams.
妈妈为她的女儿通过了考试而感到高兴。
4．连词whether (…or not)或if引导的宾语从句
if和whether引导的宾语从句可以互换使用，但whether常和or not连用，if一般不与or not连用。如：
I wonder whether it is true or not. 我不知它是真是假。
用if引导宾语从句如果会引起歧义，应避免使用if而用wheter。试比较： Please let me know if you want to go.
Please let me know whether you want to go.
if从句可理解为宾语从句，意为“请告诉我你是否想去”；此句又可理解为条件状语从句意为“如果你想去的话，请告诉我一声”。
5．宾语从句的否定转移。在think, believe, suppose, expect等动词后的宾语从句，有时谓语尽管是否定意思，却不用否定形式，而将think等动词变为否定形式。如：
I don’t think you are right. 我认为你错了。
I don’t believe they have finished their work yet. 我相信他们还未完成他们的工作。
I don’t suppose he cares, does he? 我想他不在意，是吗？
6． 宾语从句的时态变化规律：
(1) 当主句是一般现在时态时，从句可根据需要用任何时态。
(2) 当主句是一般过去时态时，从句只能使用过去范围内的任何时态。但客观真理除外。如：
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.
老师说地球绕着太阳运行。
（4）同位语从句
1． 定义：用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。
2． 用法：同位语从句的先行词多为fact, news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark等，关联词多用从属连词that。如：
They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.
对你生病这件事，他们都很焦虑。
Where did you get the idea that I could not come?
你在哪儿听说我不能来？
Early in the day came the news that Germany had declared war on Russia. 德国已对俄国宣战的消息一大早就传来了。
注：同位语从句偶尔由从属连词whether引导。如：
I have no idea whether he’ll come or not. 我不知道他是否来。
连接代词who, which, what和连接副词where, when, why, how亦可引导同位语从句。
The question who should do the work requires consideration.
谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。
We haven't yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation. 到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。
It is a question how he did it.
那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。
解释：
1．that引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别
that引导的同位语从句
that引导的定语从句
句法功能上
that只起连接从句的作用，无意义。在从句中不充当句子成分。不可省。
that替代先行词在从句中不仅起连接作用，还充当一个句子成分。如在从句中作动词的宾语时可省略。
意义上
从句是被修饰名词的内容。
从句起限定作用，是定语
高中英语名词性从句由小学生作文网收集整理,转载请注明出处!