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篇一:《关系代词的用法》

关系代词  1、关系代词用来引导定语从句。它代表先行词，同时在从句中作一定的句子成分，例如：

The girl to whom I spoke is my cousin. 跟我讲话的姑娘是我表妹。（该句中whom 既代表先行词the girl，又在从句中作介词to的宾语。）

2、关系代词有主格，宾格和属格之分，并有指人与指物之分。在限定性定语从句中，that 可指人也可指物， 见表：

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 例如：

This is the pencil whose point is broken. 这就是那个折了尖的铅笔。

(whose 指物，在限定性定语从句中作定语)

He came back for the book which he had forgotten. 他回来取他丢下的书。 （which指物，在限定性定语从句中作宾语，可以省略）

★关系代词的用法

1、关系代词的句法功能

1）关系代词在句中作主语

例如：I prefer music that/which has great lyrics

2）关系代词在句中作宾语

例如：I like music that I can sing along with.

3）关系代词在句中作表语

例如：The house is not the one (that) it used to be.

2、关系代词在从句中作名词的定语

例如：Is she the teacher whose hair is very short?

3、关系代词的用法

1）who和whom的用法：二者都用于指人。Who在定语从句中作主语、宾语，whom 在定语从句中作宾语。Whom在从句中能坐介词的宾语，而who则不能。

例如：I happened to meet the professor (wh高考语文满分o/whom) I got to know at a party in the shopping center yesterday.

2）whose的用法：一般指人，有时也指物。在定语从句中作定语。

例如：I have got a friend whose brother is training for the Olymoics.

3）which的用法：一般指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语、偶尔作定语。

例如：The photo which we liked best was taken by Zhao Min.

4）that的用法：指人或物，指人时可与who、whom互换，指物时可与that互换。在 从句中可作主语、宾语，还可作表语。

例如：It is a book (that/which) no one really likes.

4、用who不用that的情况

1）先行词是指人的不定代词时

例如：Congratulations to our winners and thanks to everyone who entered the competitions.

2）先行词指人并含有较长的后置定语或在被分割的定语从句中时

例如：The boy was crying hard who lost his way while looking for his mother.

3）用在there be结构中。

例如：There is a young man who wants to see you.

4）避免重复或引起歧义。

例如：The man that spoke at the meeting is our new headmaster who has just come from Shanghan.

5）当先行词是I, you, he, they等时（常用语谚语之中）。

例如：He who plays with fire gets burned.

6）先行词如是指成员的集体名词，关系代词也用who。

例如：The family, who live upstairs, are fond of music.

7）先行词如是拟人化名词，关系代词也可用who。

例如：You will see the worker ants,who gather food for themselves and for all the others.

8）先行词指特定的人时，关系代词多用who，不指特定的人时多用that。

例如：The aunt who came to see us last week is my father’s sister.

People that have not been properly trained can’t do this kind of qork.

5、在以下情况中，关系代词用that

1）先行词为all, little, few, none 及some-, any-, no-与thing所组成的复合单词时，只能用that。

例如：There is nothing that will stop us making progress.

2）先行词前有only, some, any等形容词修饰时，只能用that。

例如：This is the only problem that we can’t work out.

3）先行词前由形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时，只能用that。

例如：This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.

4）先行词同时包括人和物时，只能用他和她，

例如：Lu Xun and his works that we are familiar with are considered great.

6、只能用which不能用that的情形

1）当非限制性定语从句中的先行词指物时，只能用which

例如：The pencil-case, which I bought last week, is missing.

2）关系代词前面有介词时，只能用which

例如：The tree under which we used to take a rest has been cut down.

3）先行词本身就是that时

例如：I don’t like that which he did.

7、介词与关系代词

1）与关系代词搭配的介词的确定

（1）依据定语从句中动词所需要的某种习惯搭配来确定。

I bought a great many books, on which I spent all my money that I saved.

（2）依据先行词的某种下滚搭配来确定。

I'll never forget the time during which I spent my childhood in the country.

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（3）根据所表达的意思确定。

The colorless gas without which we can’t live is called oxygen.

（4）在英语中有时为了强调某一名词，关系代词前也加上介词。

Here is the money with which to buy a piano.

2、关系代词作介词的宾语时，介词的位置

1）关系代词whom，which在从句中作介词宾语时，可以和介词一起放在先行词和从句之间。为了

使关系代词紧跟它所修饰的词，也可以把介词放在从句中有关动词的后面。 The old man whom the nurses are looking after is very well now.

2）含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在动词的后面。

Is this the watch which he is looking for?

3）关系代词that在从句中作介词宾语时，介词不能放在它的前面，只能放在从句中有关动词的后面。

The city that she lives in is very far away?

4）关系代词whose也可以在从句中与它所修饰的名词一起作介词宾语。

The boss in whose company my father worked is a very kind person.

3、“名词/数词/代词/介词+关系代词” 结构常见的形式有：名词

one/two/some/many/the+最高

级…+of+which/whom。

I have two sisters, both of whom are teachers.

篇二:《关系代词的用法》

关系代词的用法 关系代词的用法The relative pronouns are: 关系代词有：We use who and whom for people, and which for things. 我们用 who 和 whom 指代人，用 which 指代物品。 Or we can use that for people or things. 或者可以用 that 指人或物。 We use relative pronouns: 下列情况中我们使用关系代词: • after a noun, to make it clear which person or thing we are talking about: 在名词后加关系代词，用于指明我们所谈论的人或物： the house that Jack built the woman who discovered radium an eight-year-old boy who attempted to rob a sweet shop • in relative clauses to tell us more about a person or thing: 在关系从句中提供关于某人或某物更多的信息： My mother, who was born overseas, has always been a great traveller. Lord Thompson, who is 76, has just retired. We had fish and chips, which is my favourite meal. But we do not use that as a subject in relative clauses.We use whose as the possessive form of who: 我们用 whose 表明所有权： This is George, whose brother went to school with me. We sometimes use whom as the object of a verb or preposition: 有时用 whom 作为一个动词或介词的宾语： This is George, whom you met at our house last year. This is George’s brother, with whom I went to school. But nowadays we normally use who: 但今天我们通常用 who： This is George, who you met at our house last year. This is George’s brother, who I went to school with. When whom or which have a preposition the preposition can come at the beginning of the clause... 当用 whom 和 which 有介词时，介词可以前置： I had an uncle in Germany, from who[m] I inherited a bit of money. We bought a chainsaw, with which we cut up all the wood. … or at the end of the clause: 或者是放在句子最后： I had an uncle in Germany who[m] I inherited a bit of money from. We bought a chainsaw, which we cut all the wood up with. We can use that at the beginning of the clause: 也可以将 that 放在句子开头： I had an uncle in Germany, that I inherited a bit of money from.We bought a chainsaw, that we cut all the wood up with.记单词：• •radium ['reidiəm] n. 镭 preposition [prepə'ziʃən] n.1.介词（包括复合介词，尤用於名词或代词前，表示处所、位置、时间、方法等• •chainsaw ['tʃeinsɔ:] vt. 用链锯割,<喻>肢解 retire [ri'taiə] v.[I,T] 1.退职；退役；(使)退休 v.[I] 1.退下；撤退 2.就寝 3.离开（尤指去僻静处）•inherit [in'herit] v.[T]1.继承（传统、遗产、权利等）2.经遗传而得（性格、特征等）3.（从前人、前任等）接过，得到 4.【古】获得，领受 v.[I]1.成为财产（或权利、称号、特权职位） 的继承人 2.获得性格（或特征等）的遗传

篇三:《定语从句中关系代词的用法》

定语从句中关系代词的用法

在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词(定语从句所修饰的词)之后。定语从句由关系词来引导，关系词有关系代词和关系副词之分。关系代词有that，which，who，whom，whose，as等；关系副词有when，where，why等。

关系词通常有下列三个作用：1)引导定语从句；2)代替先行词；3)在定语从句中担当一个成分。如：The car which my unele had just bought was destroyed in the earthquake．句中which my uncle had just bought是定语从句，修饰先行词the car；which是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the car，在定语从句中作宾语。

表一：关系代词的用法

表二：用which不用that的情况

1

表三：只用that不用which的情况(先行词是物)

表四：关于as引导的定语从句

2．有时候当先行词是表示时间、地点的词时，却不用when／where而用that／which引导。这时要根据从句的谓语动词是及物的还是不及物的。如果是及物的就可用that(which)，否则可用where。 例如： I will remember the days that／which we spent together． 我会永远记住我们一起度过的日子。

2

This is the factory that／which you visited yesterday． 这就足你昨天参观的工厂。

3．way作先行词时，关系代词的使用：

I don’t like the way(that／in which)he treats his parents． 我不喜欢他对待父母的方式。

4. that引导定语从句与名词性从句的不同： The news that he told us is true．(定语从句) 他告诉我们的新闻是真的。

The news that our team has won is encouraging．(同位语从句) 我们队胜利的消息真令人振奋。

That he has won the first prize surprised everybody．(主语从句) 他获得一等奖的消息令每一个人都惊奇了。 My idea is that you shut the factory．(表语从句) 我的观点就是你应该关闭这家工厂。

He said that he was going to leave．(宾语从句) 他说他打算离开这里。

3

篇四:《关系代词关系副词用法》

关系词(关系代词和关系副词)有时可以省略, 但这只限于限制性定语从句中, 在非限制性定语从句中, 关系词则不可省略。

1.关系代词作宾语时的省略: 当关系代词who, whom, which和that在定语从句中用作动词宾语或介词位于句末时的介词宾语时, 可以省略。

注意: 当先行词为all, much, little以及不定代词anything, something, everything等时, 关系代词多用that 注意: 当先行词的前面有形容词最高级、序数词或限定词the only, the very, all, every, any, no等时, 关系代词一般都用that

2.关系代词作表语时的省略： 当关系代词that在定语从句中作表语时, 可以省略。 3.关系代词作宾补时的省略：当关系代词that在定语从句中用作宾语补足语时, 可以省略。

I’m not the madman (that) you thought me. that做宾补

4.关系副词when的省略： 用作时间状语的关系副词when通常不能省略, 但有一种特殊情况, 即用于day, year, time等少数几个词后可以省略, 也可换成that I’ll never forget the day 5. 关系副词where的省略： 用作地点状语的关系副词where通常不能省略, 但有一种特殊情况, 即用于place, somewhere, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere少数几个词后时才可以省略, 也可换成that

6. 关系副词why的省略: 关系副词why通常只用于the reason后引导定语从句, 且通常可换成that或for which, 均可省略。

That’s the reason 关系副词的特点: 关系副词用于引出定语从句, 英语的关系副词主要有when, where, why三个。 That’s the reason (注意：关系副词用于引出定语从句, 且在从句中用作状语。关系副词when表示时间, where表示地点, why表示原因。英语关系代词用法

使用关系副词应注意的几点：

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1.how不能用作关系副词, 不要想当然地将how用作关系副词置于the way后表示方式:

This is the way how he spoke. (wrong) (right)

This is the way that he solved the problem. =This is how he solved the problem.

2.关系副词when和where既可引导限制性定语从句, 也可引导非限制性定语从句, 但why只能引导限制性定语从句, 不能引导非限制性定语从句(若引导非限制性定语从句, 可用for which reason)

3.引导定语从句时, when的先行词为时间, where的先行词为地点, why的先行词为原因(主要是the reason), 但是反过来却不一定

Don’t forget the time I’ve told you. 做宾语 做宾语 做宾语

关系代词引导的定语从句who, whom, which, that, whose在句中必做成分

1)who, whom, that指人, 在句中做主语或宾语, 作宾语可省略 做主语 做宾语

2)which, that指物, 在句中做主语或宾语, 作宾语时可省略

A prosperity which/ that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 做主语 做宾语

3)whose表所属关系, 指人或物。指物可与of which互换, 指人可与of whom互换

They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.

=They rushed over to help the man of whom the car had broken down.

=They rushed over to help the man the car of whom had broken down.

Please pass me the book whose cover is green.

=Please pass me the book the cover of which is green.英语关系代词用法

=Please pass me the book of which the cover is green.

关系副词引导的定语从句when, where, why

1)区别:及物动词后面无宾语, 用关系代词；不及物动词用关系副词 where指代the place充当地点状语 which做visit的宾语, 可省略

I’ll never forget the days ( which做spend的宾语, 可省略

when指代the days充当时间状语

可以互换, 口语中可省略

屈服. =There are occasions on which one must yield.

3)that代替关系副词: that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和”介词+which”引导的定语从句, 在口语中that常被省略。

不能用that的情况

1)引导非限制性定语从句时, 不能用that 应用which)

2)介词后不能用

只能用that的情况

1)在there be句型中, 只用that, 不用which

2)在不定代词如anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等做先行词时, 只用that

3)先行词有the only, the very修饰时, 只用that

4)先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时, 只用that

5)先行词即有人, 又有物时

当先行词是way时, 关系副词常常省略。I appreciate the way (that) you teach me.

That作为关系副词所具备的功能, 即代替when、where、why三大关系副词或介词+ which。但这种代替是有条件的, 主要适用于表示时间、地点、原因、方式这四大类基本含义的先行词, 即time(替代when)，place(替代where)，reason(替代why)，way(替代in which)，其中time类的词汇最多, 包括若干下义词, 如hour, evening, summer, year, moment等。大概是因为这些词最基本、最常用, 所以在约定俗成的习惯下挣脱了原有关系副词的束缚。此外, that还可以与speed, distance等先行词连用, 此时无法用where代替。

在非正式语体中, 关系副词that是经常省略的。正是基于这个原因, 在论述”关系副词that的功能”中笔者并未给出相关例句, 因为在各语法书和词典关系中关系副词that总是有左右两个括号相伴。

We moved here the year (that/when) my mother died.

I still remembered the summer (that) I walked around Paris.

The reason I called was to ask about the plans for Saturday.

There are so many delicious ways you can prepare chicken.

This is the place (where) I lived five years.

Do you know anywhere (that) I can get a drink?

She knows the place (that/where) he stays.

There is nowhere (that) we can go.

英语关系代词用法由小学生作文网收集整理,转载请注明出处!

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