高考英语概要写作

时间:2024-11-11 19:54:32 来源:作文网 作者:管理员

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篇一:《高考英语概要写作之说明文》

高考英语概要写作之说明文

一、写作指导

说明文的概要写作一般有三种参考模板：

雷阵雨作文

（1）描写某事物的性质功能。即“对象+性质功能+利弊”：（in the passage ） the writer introduces… to

us,especially its….,from which we know…

（2）针对某个问题提出解决方法或措施。即“问题+解决方法”：The passage tells us…..

So the author tells us how to ..,including……

(3) 介绍某现象及其原因、结果。即“现象+原因+结果”：The author talks about…..It is caused by….As a

result(consequently),….

在概要写作前，我们要通读短文，确定其内容是属于那种类型，然后选择确当的模板。注意：不要关注一些次要的

细节却遗漏重要的要点，尽量少使用原文语句，多用自己的概括性的语言；3到5个句子即可。

二、写作训练

1. In schools and at home,most of US have been scolded(责备) or even got punished for daydreaming. The

majority of people say that by daydreaming we waste our time and energy on something unproduct秋的思绪ive. But many medical studies have shown something different. They’ve stressed the fact that daydreaming works wonders on our imagination,creativity and situation-我有一双隐形的翅膀handling techniques. In fact,many problems can be easily solved if we daydream.

The topmost benefit of daydreaming is that your mood gets the right improvement. By separating yourself from the world

around you,you tend to enjoy the loneliness in your mind and get peace from daydreaming as you think about something that calms your senses. When you start imagining things,you will forget all the stress and tension(紧张) .Instead,you will get happiness from it and this happiness will turn into a source of energy that helps you work in a good mood.

Many psycologists have said that people who daydream tend to have a sharper memory. It’s true. When you’re

daydreaming,you’ll tend to get carried away to imagine various situations,either real or unreal. You tend to act differently in different situations,trying to satisfy your mind by doing what you want in your dreams. When your mind gets satisfied,you’re in a better position to concentrate more on your work. Since daydreaming activates (激活） the nerves of your brain,you tend to have higher attentiveness and your ability to remember things will develop.

When you daydream,you automatically imagine yourself as your heart says and therefore,you get to know yourself better.

You also start realizing the mistakes you’ve made in life and trying your best to avoid repeating them. Such imagination techniques help you to connect yourself with your soul.

发明家的故事

2. The poaching，or illegal(非法) killing，of rhinos(犀牛) in South Africa is growing worse each year．The government recently reported that a record number of rhinos were poached in 2014，a year which had more

rhino killings in South Africa than ever before．

The World Wildlife Fund，or WWF，says about 20，000 rhinos live in South Africa．That is more than 80

percent of the rhinos in the world．Edna Molewa，South Africa’s environmental issues minister，says，“During 2014，we are sad to say this：1，215 rhinos were killed．This is a rise in the number of poached rhinos from 1004 in 2013 and indeed very worrying．”The animals are hunted for their horns(犀牛角)．Many people in Asia believe the horn has curing power，which drives poachers，at all costs，mad for more horns．But there is no scientific evidence for this belief．The horn is made of keratin．That is the same thing as human hair， fingernails and toenails．

Ms．Mo1ewa said 386 suspected poachers were arrested last year，an increase from the year before．But

rhino protection workers say poachers often go unpunished after arrest．South Africa’s legal system is ineffective．Ms．Molewa said more needs to be done and South Africa is taking strong measures to protect rhinos．The efforts include moving some of the animals to secret places in neighboring countries．“Now approximately 100 rhinos have been moved to neighboring states in the SADC region during 2014 and 200 more rhinos will be moved this year”Molewa said．

Jo Shaw，the rhino program manager at the WWF，said，“we’re talking about a loss of a hundred rhinos

a month．Or more than three a day．We really need to see effective action not just at a national level but internationally．”She says officials should find the criminal groups responsible for the poaching and punish them．

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3.Parents should think twice before rewarding their children's good behaviour with sweets, according to a

leading nutritionist.

Professor Susan Jebb, of Oxford University, says family attitudes should change as part of a wider strategy

on tackling obesity（肥胖） - and there should be an alternative to the 'easy option' of handing out sweets to youngsters.

Speaking to the Sunday Express, Prof Jebb said: 'Unless you instill(灌输) good eating habits from a young

age, it is likely children will grow up to become overweight adults.But it is very difficult to persuade parents who see their children, who are a healthy weight, of the risks ahead.'Unlike with smoking, where the benefits of giving up are obvious with evidence showing that every single cigarette shortens your life, the same cannot be said for every single biscuit you eat.'

She also welcomed last week's comments by David Cameron that Britain's obesity 'crisis' should be treated

as seriously as smoking and that a tax on sugary drinks could be back on the agenda（议程）.The Prime Minister

hinted at an extraordinary U-turn amid growing public support for a 20 per cent levy.He said: 'I don't really want to put new taxes on anything but we do have to recognise that we face something of an obesity crisis'.

Mr Cameron said the costs of diabetes, heart disease and cancer treatment for the overweight costs the

NHS huge sums.He added: 'We do need to have a fully-worked-up programme to deal with this problem and address these issues in Britain and we will be making announcements later in the year'.

Experts have also warned that obesity - fuelled by large amounts of sugar - is escalating at such a rate that

it will cause almost 700,000 additional cases of cancer within the next 20 years, experts have warned.They say that being overweight is already 'the new norm' and predict that four in ten adults will be obese by 2035.

Estimates also show that by this time obesity-related illnesses, including diabetes and heart disease, will

cost the NHS more than £7.5billion a year.

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4.The expression, “everybody’s doing it,” is very much at the center of the concept of peer pressure(同伴压力). It is a strong influence of a group, especially of children, on members of that group to behave as everybody else does. It can be positive or negative. Most people experience it in some way during their lives.People are social creatures by nature, and so it is hardly surprising that part of their self-respect comes from the approval of others. This instinct (天性) is why the approval of peers, or the fear of disapproval, is such a powerful force in many people’s lives. It is the same instinct that drives people to dress one way at home and another way at work, or to answer “fine” when a stranger asks “how are you?” even if it is not necessarily true. There is a practical aspect to this: it helps society to function efficiently, and encourages a general level of self-discipline that simplifies day-to-day interaction.

For certain individuals, seeking social acceptance is so important that it becomes like an addiction; in order to satisfy the desire, they may go so far as to abandon their sense of right and wrong. Teens and young adults may feel forced to use drugs, or join gangs that encourage criminal behavior. Mature adults may sometimes feel pressured to cover up illegal activity at the company where they work, or end up in debt because they are unable to hold back the desire to buy a house or car that they can’t afford in an effort to “keep up with the Joneses.”However, peer pressure is not always negative. A student whose friends are good at academics may be urged to study harder and get good grades.

Players on a sports team may feel driven to play harder in order to help the team win. This type of influence can also get a friend off drugs, or to help an adult take up a good habit or drop a bad one. Study groups and class projects are examples of positive peer groups that encourage people to better themselves. Schools try to teach kids about the dangers of negative peer pressure. They teach kids to stand up and be themselves, and encourage them to politely

decline to do things that they believe are wrong. Similarly, it can be helpful to encourage children to greet the beneficial influence of positive peer groups.

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Keys:

1. Many people regard daydreaming as a waste of time and energy. However,that is not the case.Many medical

Studies have found that daydreaming has a lot of benefits. First of all, daydreaming can improve your mood.

What’s more, it helps develop your memory. Last but not least,daydreaming helps you to know yourself better.

2. The poaching of rhinos is getting worse in South Africa each year, according to the government and WWF.

Many rhinos are killed for their horns ehich is believed to have curing power. Althouh more poachers are

arrested, they hardly get punished.So the members of WWF are calling on more meassures which should taken by the government and the whole world to protect rhinos.,including effective legal system,rhinos living place and even international cooperation.

3. Professor Susan Jebb, of Oxford University,urges parents to seek healthier alternative to handing kid’s obesity rather

than adopt easymethods. Addtionnally, David Cameron said obesity crisis was as serious as smoking. So families are required to introduce good eating habits to help avoid obesity issues.Add parents are told to stop giving their children sweets as rewards for good behavior in latest bid to tackle Britain obesity crisis.

4. Peer pressure refers to strong feeling that you must do things the way other people of your age do.People

expect te approval from others, which helps society function efficiently.Peer pressure has positive influence

like bringing good grades, but it also has negative influence like lack of moral sence. To avoid the influence

of negative peer pressure, kids should be encouraged to be themselves and decline to do wrong thing.

篇二:《英语概要写作(浙江省高考作文新题型)》

概要写作

一．What is a summary?

A summary is a of the of a longer

二．Tips on summary writing

While reading

1. Is the passage a narration, exposition, argumentation or a description?

2. Is there any topic sentence or key words? If so, underline them.

While writing

1. Structure

1) Topic sentence*

2) Main supporting points/evidence

3) About 60 words

2. Language

1) To use your own words*

2) To be concise (leave out the details; reduce the examples; simplify the高考英语概要写作

descriptions; eliminate all repetitions. )

3) To present the information fairly, do not give your own comments

4) To use the third person to retell

5) Tense(narration often uses the past tense)

小试牛刀

1. 压缩长的句子和词组。

(1 ) His courage in battle might without exaggeration(夸张) be called lion-like.

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(2) He was hard up for money and was being pressed by his creditor(债权人).

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2. 使用词组代替整句或者从句。

few people in the past. Today, better wages, holidays with pay, new hotels on these mountains, and better train and bus services many who never thought of visiting them ten years ago.

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3. 使用代替具体的词。

She brought home several Chinese and English novels, a few copies of Time and Newsweek and some textbooks. She intended to read all of them during the winter vocation.

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4. 使用简洁的句子间连接成分，如such，but，then，yet等。

文体类型一：议论文

议论文通常包括论点、论据和结论，因此写议论文的概要主要是找出主题句（the topic sentences)、支撑句（supporting sentences）和结论句（conclusion sentences)。其中最主要的是找准主题句。

概要模板：论点＋论据（＋结论）

Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing. However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.

In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was, thought to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 1546.Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way. Henry Ⅳ, King of France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out.

Though the belief in the merit(好处) of dirt was long-lived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War Ⅱ. Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea: clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far?

Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease. On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, an American immunologist (免疫学家), encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system(免疫系统). And the latter position is gaining some ground. (302 words) ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

篇三:《高考英语概要写作指导及训练记叙文》

高考英语概要写作指导及训练

一、写作指导

摘要是对一篇文章的主题思想的简单陈述。它用最简洁的语言概括了原文的主题。写摘要主要包括三个步骤：（1）阅读；（2）写作；（3）修改成文。

第一步：阅读

A．认真阅读给定的原文材料。如果一遍不能理解，就多读两遍。阅读次数越多，你对原文的理解就越深刻。

B．给摘要起一个标题。用那些能概括文章主题思想的单词、短语或短句子作为标题。也可以采用文中的主题句作为标题。主题句往往出现在文章的开头或结尾。一个好标题有助于确定文章的中心思想。

C．现在，就该决定原文中哪些部分重要，哪些部分次重要了。对重要部分的主要观点进行概括。

D．简要地记下主要观点——主题、标题、细节等你认为对概括摘要重要的东西。第二步：动手写作

A. 摘要应尽量用自己的话完成。不要直接引用原文的句子。

B. 应该遵循原文的逻辑顺序。这样你就不必重新组织观点、事实。

C. 摘要必须全面、清晰地表明原文所载的信息，以便你的读者不需翻阅原文就可以完全掌握材料的原意。

D. 写摘要时可以采用下列几种小技巧：

1) 删除细节。只保留主要观点。

2) 选择一至两个例子。原文中可能包括5个或更多的例子，你只需从中筛选一至

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