Sandy,is,seventeen,years,old.and
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第一篇:《短文改错专题解析2》
短文改错专题解析
命题趋势分析 一．短文改错的主要特点
1．内容大都是学生身边或社会生活中常见的话题。以记叙文为主，有时也有说明文或应用文。
2．内容相对独立、完整。命题的总原则是整篇理解、分行解题。
3．语言简单易懂，没有生僻的词汇或繁难的句法结构；短文的词数为120左右。
4．考查要点覆盖面广, 分布合理。涉及词法、句法、行文逻辑等三个方面。
二．短文改错的常见类型
纵观近几年高考题中的短文改错, 不难看出,其错误形式基本上为：错词占6行左右; 正确占1 行; 多词和缺词一般占3 行左右。错误类型主要涉及动词、名词、形容词、副词、冠词、代词、介词、连词、主谓一致、固定结构等语法知识。其中, 动词时态、语态、非谓语动词等是考查重点。
考点知识精讲 一、短文改错的解题基本思路
1．通读全文，掌握大意
首先，要认真阅读短文，把握全篇主旨，弄清上下文的逻辑关系，了解文章所创设的语言环境，为正确判断创造条件。
2．整句理解，逐行找错。
在读懂文章之后，要逐句逐行地找错。分析每个句子中句法、语法、行文逻辑等方面是否有
错，要做到逐行分析，不可遗漏，句与句之间要注意连词的用法。
3．由易到难，各个击破
改错要从最简单、最熟悉的项目入手，先从语法的角度入手，再从逻辑方面考虑，最后推敲难题。
4．检查核对，规范改正
最后浏览改后的全文，看全篇是否语义通顺，注意正确行。 要特别注意规范改正错误, 严格按照示范规定符号和要求去改。切忌文字说明或用箭头表示。 二．短文改错的设题方式
一．错词：
错词的情况归纳起来大致可分为虚词选择错误、实词词形错误、同(近)义词、形似词选择错误等。
1．虚词错误
①介词错误。介词错误主要集中在介词的固定搭配、介词多词义的用法以及一些意义相近介词、副词和连词的混用等。
1.After five years away in my hometown，I find that the neighborhood which I used to live in has changed a lot.(09全国卷I)
析：“从……离开，远离”应为短语 away from，不能与in搭配。应将in改为from。
② 连词错误主要表现: 句与句之间的关系混淆，是并列、转折、承接、还是表原因；连词与介词、副词的混用，一些连词具有多重功能和词性以及意义相近连词的区别等。Sandy,is,seventeen,years,old.and。Sandy,is,seventeen,years,old.and。
1.I meant to give it back to you before four in the afternoon，and I was held up on my way back(09全国卷II)
析：分析前后两个句子可知，前面的句子与后面的句子存在转折关系，不是并列关系，应将 and 改为but。
③冠词错误：冠词的考查集中在：应该使用定冠词的地方使用了不定冠词；应该使用不定冠词的地方却使用了定冠词；不定冠词a与an的误用等。
1.Three men were fishing when the angel appeared in the boat with them. （2009.四川卷）
析：初次提到的人或物前应该用不定冠词，因此要将第一个the改为an。
2．实词错误
① 名词错误主要集中在：名词的单复数形式，特别注意不规则名词的复数形式；可数名词和不可数名词的混用；抽象名词具体化；名词的所有格等。
1. I stayed there for one and a half hour and made sure that the girl was all right. （09全国卷II）
析：one and a half 后接可数名词的复数形式，不能用单数。要将hour改为hours。
② 动词错误主要有：不规则动词的过去式、过去分词形式错误；时态的不一致性；语态的错用；非谓语动词用法的选择，特别是非谓语动词作状语、表语、定语或宾语补足语时是用过去分词还是现在分词；在 to 后是用不定式还是动名词；以及在并列结构中后面动词的形式；谓语动词时态形式的错用；情态动词和 will(would),
shall (should) 等助动词后面的动词形式的误用等。Sandy,is,seventeen,years,old.and。
1.There exist now a park that has a small river running through. （09全国卷I）
析：句子中的there exist相当于there be形式，exist的形式跟后面的名词a park保持一致，因此exist要用单三形式exists。
③ 形容词与副词错误主要表现在：这两类词的混用；形容词或副词的原级、比较级、最高级的混用等。
1.The Sichuan Restaurant and the older fish shop across the street from our middle school are gone. （09全国卷I）
析：分析句子，句子中没有比较对象，不能用比较级，要将older改为原形old。
④ 引导词错误：在复合句中引导从句的连接词的错误运用，特别是在定语从句中关系词的错误运用，宾语从句中连接词的误用等。
1.One day I saw a second-hand bicycle, that was only one hundred yuan. I asked my father for the money. （09辽宁卷）
析：非限制性定语从句的先行词指物时只能用which不能用that，应将that改为which。
⑤代词错误。代词考查主要集中在句子中代词的一致性、人称代词、反身代词、指示代词的混用等。
1.When I was in high school, most of my friends had bicycles. I hoped I could also have it. （2009.辽宁卷）
析：根据句义后面句子中的it与前面句子中的bicycles是一类物，表示泛指。因此要将it改
为one。
⑥思维定势干扰错误。由于受汉语思维定势影响，造成一些英语词作文水问语的搭配错误。
1.I’m glad to say that anything has worked out fine in the dorm. （09海南、宁夏卷）
析： anything意思是“任何事或任何物”，而everything表示“所有的东西或物”，很显然句子强调在宿舍的所有事情，应将anything改为everything。
党课培训总结⑦行文逻辑错误。
高考短文改错中，涉及短文主旨大意及逻辑关系的错误这类试题的隐蔽性较强，单独看并没有错，但若放在整篇中则与全篇的意思不符。
I stayed here for one and a half hours and made sure that the girl was all right.
析：直接分析该句，没有任何错误，但结合上下文可看出句子是在转述过去发生的事情，不能用here，因此应将here改为there。
二、漏词
漏词考查主要集中在：名词前漏冠词；不及物动词后漏掉相应的介词。不定式前少了不该省的to；分句与分句之间往往漏掉相应的连词；句子中助动词、情态动词的遗漏。复合句中关系词、连接词的遗漏；以及句子中替代词的遗漏等。
1.One day, the school held party, where I was 应考强化训练 1
A few days before, I saw an interesting program on TV. It was about the problem of the traffic in our cities. It seemed that a great deal of damage had done by traffic. But now our cities are still suffered from riffs problem. Some buildings are actually falling to piece. It is often faster to walk than to go by car or bus, The problem has been getting worse for long time. This is only one problem among thousands others in our cities.Sandy,is,seventeen,years,old.and。
invited to talk about Tianjin. (08天津卷)
析：初次提到的可数名词单数前面要加不定冠词，因此要在party前加不定冠词a。
2.It was a lesson to us that it was possible give without expecting anything（09浙江卷）
析：在it is/was possible to do sth结构中，动词不定式符合不能省略，因此要在give前加to。
三、多词
多词考查主要集中在介词、副词、连接词、冠词、不定式符号to、代词、助动词等。这些词大都为虚词，在句子中的作用显得不大，但极易引起误用，是学生语言运用中最常犯的错误。
1.The market at the corner of Friendship Street and Xinhua Road has been given way to a supermarket.(09全国卷I)
析：句子的意思为 “市场把位置让给了一个超市”。这里并不表示被动意义，要将been去掉。
2. I’m sorry that I wasn’t able to return to your bike on time yesterday.（09全国卷II）
析：return to的意思为返回到某地，而在句子中的意思为归还某物，不能加to，要将to去掉。
All sorts of terrible things have happened with our cities. And the biggest question is “What can we do about it?” Our roads have ever been designed for such a heavy traffic.
1. _______ 2. _______ 3. _______4. _______ 5. _______ 6. _______ 7. _______ 8. _______ 9. _______10. _______
Key：1．将before改为ago。before用于过去完成时，ago用过去时。2．去掉traf-fic前的冠词the。traffic指车辆。为不可数名词。3．had后加been。为被动语态。4．suffered改为suffedng。为进行时。5．pmce改为pmces。fall to pieces倒塌。6．正确。7．在long之前加。a。for a long time为固定用法。8．在to。thousands后加of。thousands of为惯用法，表示“数千的”。9．将with改为To。happen to为固定用法。10．根据句意将ever改为nevcr。
2
Most Americans don’t like to get advices from melnbers of tbelr famlly. When they are in a trouble and need advice, they write letters for newspapers or magazincs. Most newspapers print letters from readers with problems. Along with the Ietters there have answers written by people who are was first grown in which is now part of the United States. Columbus, Who discovered America, saw the Indians smoking. Soon the drying leaves were transported to Europe where smoking began to catch on. At the late 1800s, the Turks made cigarettes popular. Smoking cigarettes is danger. The US Public Health Service stated that the smoking cigarettes is the reason of lung cancer and several other deadly diseases. The US government now requires that each package of cigarettes bears a special warning against the danger of smoking.
1. _______ 2. _______ 3. _______4. _______ 5. _______ 6. _______ 7. _______ 8. _______ 9. _______10. _______
Key: 1. 在for后加a。for a long time很久。2. 将that改为which。为非限制性定语从句。3. which改为that。为名词性从句，“就是在现在美洲的地方”。4. 正确。5. drying改为dried。意为“晒干的”。6. At改为In。在……年代用in。7. danger改为dangerous。 8. 去掉smoking前的the。动名词做主语。9. reason改为cause。reason理由，cause导致……的原因，起因。10. bears改为bear。require后的宾语从句应用should+动词的虚拟结构，should可省略。
3
Sandy is seventeen years old. And she is much busy. Sbe never has enough time for that she wants to do. Like many other girls about her age, she spends hours on the telephone, talks to her friends. She often goes out on the weekends, and she looks after children for other families to get some money. But, of course, during the school years she herself has a lot homework to do. During the football season, Sandy is more busier than usual She and other pretty girls are cheer leaders. They jump up and down together, cheering when the team have played well. When the team is not playing so well, the girls try their best encourage the players. The cheers are usually not long, but it takes a long time to practise shouting them together.
1. _______ 2. _______ 3. _______4. _______ 5. _______ 6. _______ 7. _______ 8. _______ 9. _______10. _______
Key：1．把much改为very。much多与-ed的形容词连用。2．that改为what或all。what she wants to do 她想做的事。all (that) =what。3．talks改为talking，为spend sb time+ doing...句式。4．去掉weekends前的the。on weekends在周末。5．But改为And。根据下文判断。6．在a lot后加of。a lot of 许多。7．去掉more或把nlore改为much。busier为比较级。8．正确。9．have改为has。team为集合名词，作整体看时，谓语用单数。10．在encourage前加too try one’s best to do尽最大努力去做。
4
After I finished the school this year, I began to took for work. Now several month later, I still hadn’t
found tbe job that I was interested. Last Sunday nmrning I received a phone call from a man calling him Mr Smith. He said to me on the phone, “I hear you do very well in your studies, I may havc a job for you.” I entered his office with a beaten heart. How I hoped that I will go through the joh hunting talk today and he would take nm on as a lab assistant. But to my surprised, what he said disappointing. He only needed a model.
1. _______ 2. _______ 3. _______4. _______ 5. _______ 6. _______ 7. _______ 8. _______ 9. _______10. _______
Key；1．去掉school前的the，finishschool毕业。2．month改为months。3．mterest-ed后加in。be interested in为固定短语。4．him改为himself。表“自称为……”用反身代词。5．正确。6．在I之前加so。从上下文的逻辑关系可知。7．heaten改为beating。意为“一颗在跳动的心”。beat作“跳动”解时，为不及物动词。8．will改为would。应用过去式。9．surprised改为surprise。to one’s surprise为固定用法。10．在disappointing前加was。意为“他所说的是令人失望的。”
5
Calvin Coolidge, 30th president of the United States, was famous for a man of few words. He knew what he should talk and when he should not. It was very hard of anyone to enjoy talking wit名人的成长故事h him. One evening he was inviting to dinner. A lady sitting next to him past the sugar for his coffee. “Mr President,” she said.”Today a friend of me said that I couldn’t get much than two words out of you. I said I can, and we made a bet.” “You lose,” answered the president.
1. _______ 2. _______ 3. _______4. _______ 5. _______ 6. _______ 7. _______ 8. _______ 9. _______10. _______
Key: 1. 在30th前加the。序数词前应加定冠词。2. for改为as。be famous for ...为……而出名；be famous as ...作为……而出名。3. what改为when。从下文and when的信息可知。4. 把of改为for。It is +adj. +for sb. to do...为固定用法。5. 将inviting改为invited。应为被动语态。6. past改为passed。 pass为动词，而past为介词。7. 将me改为mine。我的一个朋友，应说a friend of mine。8. 把much改成more than为搭配。9. can改为could。为时态错，从said可知。10. 正确。
6
The first man set foot on the moon was an American calling Neil Armstorng. He landed on the moon with Edwin Aldrin in July 21, 1969 in the lunar module [（飞船）舱]. Whe they were made the famous moon-walk, millions of people watched them through the television. They stayed on the moon for about 21.5 days. Then they took off with their lunar module and joined Michael Collins in the command module. Armstrong and Aldrin brought back some dust and rock from the moon to further the scientific studies in the moon. They didn’t find any life on the moon.
1. _______ 2. _______ 3. _______4. _______ 5. _______ 6. _______ 7. _______ 8. _______ 9. _______10. _______
Key；1．在man后加who(that)。为定语从句。2．calling改为called。“名叫……”用过去分词called。3．将in改为。no表示在某日用介词。no4．正确。5．made改为making。为过去进行时。6．去掉the．看电视watch TV，TV前不用冠词。7．将days改为hours。days不符。8．with改为in，意为“乘坐登月舱”。9．rock改为rocks。10．把in改为of。意为“进一步对月球的研究”，studies为名词，后用of。
7
The journey was long and tired. We left London at five o’clock in the evening and spend eight hours in the train. We had been travelled for 3 hours after someone appeared selling food and drinks. It was darkness all the time we were crossing Wales, but we could see nothing through the windows. When we finally arrived Holyhead nearly everyone was slept. As soon as the train stopped, everybody tome tolife, grabbing their suitcases and rushing onto the platform.
1. _______ 2. _______ 3. _______4. _______ 5. _______ 6. _______
第二篇:《高中英语解题题典：短文改错第1-5部分》
词法的测试包括：1)定冠词和不定冠词的用法；2)名词的单复数和名词所有格；3)动词的时态、语态、语气、情态动词和非谓语动词等；4)人称代词的格、物主代词、指示代词、连接代词、不定代词等的用法；5)介词的搭配；6)并列连词、从属连词的用法；7)形容词、副词的区别以及比较级和最高级的用法；8)固定搭配和习惯用法。
语篇的测试包括：1)上下文中的时态是否一致；2)上下文中的代词是否一致；3)上下文中的逻辑是否一致；4)上下文中的词、词组、从句的替代是否正确。
句法的测试包括：1)主谓语在数上的一致；2)名词性从句；3)定语从句；4)强调句型；5)句子结构的连贯性、完整性、对等性及逻辑性。
五、短文改错部分
1
A few days before, I saw an interesting program on TV. It was about the problem of the traffic in our cities. It seemed that a great deal of damage had done by traffic. But now our cities are still suffered from traffic problem. Some buildings are actually falling to piece. It is often faster to walk than to go by car or bus, The problem has been getting worse for long time. This is only one problem among thousands others in our cities. All sorts of terrible things have happened with our cities. And the biggest question is “What can we do about it?” Our roads have ever been designed for such a heavy traffic.
2
Sandy is seventeen years old. And she is much busy. She never has enough time for that she wants to do. Like many other girls about her age, she spends hours on the telephone, talks to her friends. She often goes out on the weekends, and she looks after children for other families to get some money. But, of course, during the school years she has a lot homework to do. During the football season, Sandy is more busier than u诈骗短信sual She and other pretty girls are cheer leaders. They jump up and down together, cheering when the team have played well. When the team is not playing so well, the girls try their best encourage the players. The cheers are usually not long, but it takes a long time to practice shouting them together.
3
After I finished the school this year, I began to took for work. Now several month later, I still hadn’t found the job that I wa
s interested. Last Sunday morning I received a phone call from a man calling him Mr Smith. He said to me on the phone, “I hear you do very well in your studies, I may have a job for you.” I entered his office with a beaten heart. How I hoped that I will go through the job hunting talk today and he would take me on as a lab assistant. But to my surprised, what he said disappointing. He only needed a model.
4
Calvin Coolidge, 30th president of the United States, was famous for a man of few words. He knew what he should talk and when he should not. It was very hard of anyone to enjoy talking with him. One evening he was inviting to dinner. A lady sitting next to him past the sugar for his coffee. “Mr President,” she said.”Today a friend of me said that I couldn’t get much than two words out of you. I said I can, and we made a bet.” “You lose,” answered the president.
5
I’m a senior student. I like English very much. Beside having English lessons at school, I often went to the English Corner in the park near my home at Saturday mornings. It set up two years ago. Many high school students gather here. Sometimes, some college students and ever foreign friends are at the present English Corner. There we practice spoken English, talking about that we are interested in, introducing our experience in learning English and so on. I have learned a lot. I have great improved myself in English that since I attended it for the first time. - 1 -
第三篇:《高中英语短文改错》
五、短文改错部分
1
A few days before, I saw an interesting program on TV. It was about the problem of the traffic in our cities. It seemed that a great deal of damage had done by traffic. But now our cities are still suffered from riffs problem. Some buildings are actually falling to piece. It is often faster to walk than to go by car or bus, The problem has been getting worse for long time. This is only one problem among thousands others in our cities. All sorts of terrible things have happened with our cities. And the biggest question is “What can we do about it?” Our roads have ever been designed for such a heavy traffic.
1. _______ 2. _______ 3. _______Sandy,is,seventeen,years,old.and。
4. _______ 5. _______ 6. _______
7. _______ 8. _______ 9. _______Sandy,is,seventeen,years,old.and。
10. _______
2
Most Americans don’t like to get advices from melnbers of tbelr famlly. When the
Sandy,is,seventeen,years,old.and由小学生作文网收集整理,转载请注明出处!
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